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Gramática Agora você pode aprender inglês grátis estudando online no conforto de sua casa. https://ingles.eu.org/gramatica-inglesa/164-substantivos-nouns 2024-04-29T04:51:05-03:00 Inglês Curso Joomla! - Open Source Content Management - Version 3.10.11 Você sabe exemplificar as diferenças entre Inglês Britanico e Americano? 2013-03-19T16:24:41-03:00 2013-03-19T16:24:41-03:00 https://ingles.eu.org/gramatica-inglesa/164-substantivos-nouns/1703-voce-sabe-exemplificar-as-diferencas-entre-ingles-britanico-e-americano Samuel S Santos <p style="text-align: center;"> <span style="color:#ff0000;"><strong><span data-scayt_word="Quais" data-scaytid="35">Quais</span> as <span data-scayt_word="diferenças" data-scaytid="41">diferen&ccedil;as</span> <span data-scayt_word="entre" data-scaytid="59">entre</span> <span data-scayt_word="Inglês" data-scaytid="79">Ingl&ecirc;s</span> Americano e <span data-scayt_word="Inglês" data-scaytid="146">Ingl&ecirc;s</span> <span data-scayt_word="Britânico" data-scaytid="188">Brit&acirc;nico</span>?</strong></span></p> <div class="texto"> <div class="branco"> As <span data-scayt_word="pessoas" data-scaytid="1">pessoas</span> <span data-scayt_word="da" data-scaytid="2">da</span> <span data-scayt_word="Grã" data-scaytid="3">Gr&atilde;</span> <span data-scayt_word="Betanha" data-scaytid="4">Betanha</span> e dos <span data-scayt_word="Estados" data-scaytid="5">Estados</span> <span data-scayt_word="Unidos" data-scaytid="6">Unidos</span> se <span data-scayt_word="entendem" data-scaytid="7">entendem</span> <span data-scayt_word="perfeitamente" data-scaytid="8">perfeitamente</span>, <span data-scayt_word="entretanto" data-scaytid="9">entretanto</span> <span data-scayt_word="há" data-scaytid="10">h&aacute;</span> <span data-scayt_word="algumas" data-scaytid="11">algumas</span> <span data-scayt_word="diferenças" data-scaytid="13">diferen&ccedil;as</span> <span data-scayt_word="entre" data-scaytid="16">entre</span> o <span data-scayt_word="Inglês" data-scaytid="17">Ingl&ecirc;s</span> <span data-scayt_word="Britânico" data-scaytid="18">Brit&acirc;nico</span> e o Americano, <span data-scayt_word="sendo" data-scaytid="19">sendo</span> <span data-scayt_word="que" data-scaytid="20">que</span> <span data-scayt_word="estas" data-scaytid="21">estas</span> <span data-scayt_word="diferenças" data-scaytid="14">diferen&ccedil;as</span> <span data-scayt_word="são" data-scaytid="22">s&atilde;o</span> de <span data-scayt_word="gramática" data-scaytid="23">gram&aacute;tica</span>, de <span data-scayt_word="pronúncia" data-scaytid="24">pron&uacute;ncia</span>, de <span data-scayt_word="escrita" data-scaytid="25">escrita</span> e <span data-scayt_word="também" data-scaytid="26">tamb&eacute;m</span> de <span data-scayt_word="vocabulário" data-scaytid="27">vocabul&aacute;rio</span>. <span data-scayt_word="Aqui" data-scaytid="29">Aqui</span> <span data-scayt_word="mostramos" data-scaytid="30">mostramos</span> <span data-scayt_word="uma" data-scaytid="31">uma</span> <span data-scayt_word="lista" data-scaytid="32">lista</span> de <span data-scayt_word="algumas" data-scaytid="12">algumas</span> <span data-scayt_word="diferenças" data-scaytid="15">diferen&ccedil;as</span> de <span data-scayt_word="vocabulário" data-scaytid="28">vocabul&aacute;rio</span>.</div> </div> <p> <br /> &nbsp;</p> <table align="center" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2" width="90%"> <tbody> <tr bgcolor="Navy"> <td> British English</td> <td bgcolor="White"> <img border="0" height="50" src="http://www.bbcweb.com.br/imagens/gifs/british-flag.gif" width="68" /></td> <td> American English</td> <td bgcolor="White"> <img border="0" height="50" src="http://www.bbcweb.com.br/imagens/gifs/american-flag.gif" width="75" /></td> <td> Portuguese</td> <td bgcolor="White"> <img border="0" height="50" src="http://www.bbcweb.com.br/imagens/gifs/brazilian-flag.gif" width="68" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> university</td> <td colspan="2"> college</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="universidade" data-scaytid="33">universidade</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> holiday</td> <td colspan="2"> vacation</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="férias" data-scaytid="34">f&eacute;rias</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> fortnight</td> <td colspan="2"> two weeks</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="duas" data-scaytid="42">duas</span> <span data-scayt_word="semanas" data-scaytid="43">semanas</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> autumn</td> <td colspan="2"> fall</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="outuno" data-scaytid="44">outuno</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> public toilet</td> <td colspan="2"> rest room</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="banheiro" data-scaytid="45">banheiro</span> <span data-scayt_word="público" data-scaytid="46">p&uacute;blico</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> ground floor</td> <td colspan="2"> first floor</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="andar" data-scaytid="49">andar</span> <span data-scayt_word="térreo" data-scaytid="50">t&eacute;rreo</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> trousers</td> <td colspan="2"> pants</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="calças" data-scaytid="51">cal&ccedil;as</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> pants</td> <td colspan="2"> under pants</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="cuecas" data-scaytid="52">cuecas</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> waistcoat</td> <td colspan="2"> vest</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="colete" data-scaytid="53">colete</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> vest</td> <td colspan="2"> undershirt</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="camiseta" data-scaytid="133">camiseta</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> trainers/sports shoes</td> <td colspan="2"> sneakers</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="tênis" data-scaytid="134">t&ecirc;nis</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> chips</td> <td colspan="2"> French fries</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="batatas" data-scaytid="135">batatas</span> <span data-scayt_word="fritas" data-scaytid="136">fritas</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> crisps</td> <td colspan="2"> chips</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="salgadinhos" data-scaytid="60">salgadinhos</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> sweets</td> <td colspan="2"> candy</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="balas" data-scaytid="61">balas</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="buiscuits" data-scaytid="62">buiscuits</span></td> <td colspan="2"> cookies</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="biscoitos" data-scaytid="63">biscoitos</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> bonnet</td> <td colspan="2"> engine hood</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="capô" data-scaytid="64">cap&ocirc;</span> do motor</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> boots</td> <td colspan="2"> trunk</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="porta" data-scaytid="68">porta</span> <span data-scayt_word="malas" data-scaytid="69">malas</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> number plate</td> <td colspan="2"> license plate</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="placa" data-scaytid="70">placa</span> de <span data-scayt_word="automóvel" data-scaytid="71">autom&oacute;vel</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> car park</td> <td colspan="2"> parking lot</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="estacionamento" data-scaytid="80">estacionamento</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> queue</td> <td colspan="2"> stand in line</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="ficar" data-scaytid="81">ficar</span> <span data-scayt_word="na" data-scaytid="82">na</span> <span data-scayt_word="fila" data-scaytid="83">fila</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> taxi</td> <td colspan="2"> taxi/cab</td> <td colspan="2"> taxi</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> underground/tube</td> <td colspan="2"> subway</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="metrô" data-scaytid="84">metr&ocirc;</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> subway</td> <td colspan="2"> underpass</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="passagemp" data-scaytid="89">passagemp</span>/<span data-scayt_word="pedestre" data-scaytid="90">pedestre</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> rubbish</td> <td colspan="2"> trash/<span data-scayt_word="gabage" data-scaytid="91">gabage</span></td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="lixo" data-scaytid="93">lixo</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> rubbish bin/dustbin</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="trashcan" data-scaytid="95">trashcan</span>/<span data-scayt_word="gabage" data-scaytid="92">gabage</span> can</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="lata" data-scaytid="96">lata</span> de <span data-scayt_word="lixo" data-scaytid="94">lixo</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> pavement/footpath</td> <td colspan="2"> sidewalk</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="calçada" data-scaytid="105">cal&ccedil;ada</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> petrol</td> <td colspan="2"> gas</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="gasolina" data-scaytid="106">gasolina</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> motorway, main road</td> <td colspan="2"> highway, freeway</td> <td colspan="2"> auto <span data-scayt_word="estrada" data-scaytid="107">estrada</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> single ticket</td> <td colspan="2"> one way ticket</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="passagem" data-scaytid="112">passagem</span> de <span data-scayt_word="ida" data-scaytid="114">ida</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> return trip</td> <td colspan="2"> round trip</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="passagem" data-scaytid="113">passagem</span> <span data-scayt_word="ida" data-scaytid="115">ida</span>/<span data-scayt_word="volta" data-scaytid="116">volta</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> crossroads</td> <td colspan="2"> intersection</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="cruzamentos" data-scaytid="130">cruzamentos</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> windscreen (on a car)</td> <td colspan="2"> windshield</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="para-brisa" data-scaytid="131">para-brisa</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> railway</td> <td colspan="2"> railroad</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="ferrovia" data-scaytid="132">ferrovia</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="aeroplane" data-scaytid="147">aeroplane</span></td> <td colspan="2"> airplane</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="avião" data-scaytid="148">avi&atilde;o</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> lorry</td> <td colspan="2"> truck</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="caminhão" data-scaytid="149">caminh&atilde;o</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> flat/apartment</td> <td colspan="2"> apartment</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="apartamento" data-scaytid="150">apartamento</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> lift</td> <td colspan="2"> elevator</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="elevador" data-scaytid="156">elevador</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> fridge</td> <td colspan="2"> refrigerator</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="geladeira" data-scaytid="157">geladeira</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> engaged</td> <td colspan="2"> busy</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="ocupado" data-scaytid="158">ocupado</span> (phone)</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> bill</td> <td colspan="2"> check/bill</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="conta" data-scaytid="170">conta</span> (in a restaurant)</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="centre" data-scaytid="171">centre</span></td> <td colspan="2"> downtown</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="centro" data-scaytid="172">centro</span> <span data-scayt_word="da" data-scaytid="164">da</span> <span data-scayt_word="cidade" data-scaytid="174">cidade</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> rubber/eraser</td> <td colspan="2"> eraser</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="borracha" data-scaytid="175">borracha</span> (de <span data-scayt_word="apagar" data-scaytid="176">apagar</span>)</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> post</td> <td colspan="2"> mail</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="correio" data-scaytid="191">correio</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> shop</td> <td colspan="2"> store</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="loja" data-scaytid="192">loja</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> tin/can</td> <td colspan="2"> can</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="lata" data-scaytid="189">lata</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> guy, bloke</td> <td colspan="2"> guy</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="cara" data-scaytid="194">cara</span> (<span data-scayt_word="pessoa" data-scaytid="195">pessoa</span>, <span data-scayt_word="rapaz" data-scaytid="196">rapaz</span>)</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> lift</td> <td colspan="2"> ride</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="carona" data-scaytid="197">carona</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> driving <span data-scayt_word="licence" data-scaytid="198">licence</span></td> <td colspan="2"> driver&rsquo;s license</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="carteira" data-scaytid="199">carteira</span> de <span data-scayt_word="habilitação" data-scaytid="200">habilita&ccedil;&atilde;o</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> postcode</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="zipcode" data-scaytid="201">zipcode</span></td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="CEP" data-scaytid="202">CEP</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> cinema</td> <td colspan="2"> movie theater</td> <td colspan="2"> cinema</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="headteacher" data-scaytid="203">headteacher</span>/headmaster</td> <td colspan="2"> principal</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="diretor" data-scaytid="204">diretor</span> (de <span data-scayt_word="escola" data-scaytid="205">escola</span>)</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> curriculum vitae</td> <td colspan="2"> resume</td> <td colspan="2"> curriculum vitae</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> independent school</td> <td colspan="2"> private school</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="escola" data-scaytid="206">escola</span> particular</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> state school/public school</td> <td colspan="2"> public school</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="escola" data-scaytid="208">escola</span> <span data-scayt_word="pública" data-scaytid="210">p&uacute;blica</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> bank holiday</td> <td colspan="2"> national holiday</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="feriado" data-scaytid="211">feriado</span> <span data-scayt_word="nacional" data-scaytid="212">nacional</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="posgraduate" data-scaytid="213">posgraduate</span> course</td> <td colspan="2"> graduate studies</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="pos-graduação" data-scaytid="214">pos-gradua&ccedil;&atilde;o</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> reception</td> <td colspan="2"> front desk</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="recepção" data-scaytid="215">recep&ccedil;&atilde;o</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> mobile phone</td> <td colspan="2"> cell phone</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="telefone" data-scaytid="216">telefone</span> <span data-scayt_word="celular" data-scaytid="217">celular</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="sellotape" data-scaytid="218">sellotape</span></td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="scotsh" data-scaytid="219">scotsh</span> tape</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="fita" data-scaytid="220">fita</span> <span data-scayt_word="adesiva" data-scaytid="221">adesiva</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> nappy</td> <td colspan="2"> diaper</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="fralda" data-scaytid="222">fralda</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> to let</td> <td colspan="2"> to rent</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="aluga-se" data-scaytid="223">aluga-se</span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p style="text-align: center;"> <span style="color:#ff0000;"><strong><span data-scayt_word="Quais" data-scaytid="35">Quais</span> as <span data-scayt_word="diferenças" data-scaytid="41">diferen&ccedil;as</span> <span data-scayt_word="entre" data-scaytid="59">entre</span> <span data-scayt_word="Inglês" data-scaytid="79">Ingl&ecirc;s</span> Americano e <span data-scayt_word="Inglês" data-scaytid="146">Ingl&ecirc;s</span> <span data-scayt_word="Britânico" data-scaytid="188">Brit&acirc;nico</span>?</strong></span></p> <div class="texto"> <div class="branco"> As <span data-scayt_word="pessoas" data-scaytid="1">pessoas</span> <span data-scayt_word="da" data-scaytid="2">da</span> <span data-scayt_word="Grã" data-scaytid="3">Gr&atilde;</span> <span data-scayt_word="Betanha" data-scaytid="4">Betanha</span> e dos <span data-scayt_word="Estados" data-scaytid="5">Estados</span> <span data-scayt_word="Unidos" data-scaytid="6">Unidos</span> se <span data-scayt_word="entendem" data-scaytid="7">entendem</span> <span data-scayt_word="perfeitamente" data-scaytid="8">perfeitamente</span>, <span data-scayt_word="entretanto" data-scaytid="9">entretanto</span> <span data-scayt_word="há" data-scaytid="10">h&aacute;</span> <span data-scayt_word="algumas" data-scaytid="11">algumas</span> <span data-scayt_word="diferenças" data-scaytid="13">diferen&ccedil;as</span> <span data-scayt_word="entre" data-scaytid="16">entre</span> o <span data-scayt_word="Inglês" data-scaytid="17">Ingl&ecirc;s</span> <span data-scayt_word="Britânico" data-scaytid="18">Brit&acirc;nico</span> e o Americano, <span data-scayt_word="sendo" data-scaytid="19">sendo</span> <span data-scayt_word="que" data-scaytid="20">que</span> <span data-scayt_word="estas" data-scaytid="21">estas</span> <span data-scayt_word="diferenças" data-scaytid="14">diferen&ccedil;as</span> <span data-scayt_word="são" data-scaytid="22">s&atilde;o</span> de <span data-scayt_word="gramática" data-scaytid="23">gram&aacute;tica</span>, de <span data-scayt_word="pronúncia" data-scaytid="24">pron&uacute;ncia</span>, de <span data-scayt_word="escrita" data-scaytid="25">escrita</span> e <span data-scayt_word="também" data-scaytid="26">tamb&eacute;m</span> de <span data-scayt_word="vocabulário" data-scaytid="27">vocabul&aacute;rio</span>. <span data-scayt_word="Aqui" data-scaytid="29">Aqui</span> <span data-scayt_word="mostramos" data-scaytid="30">mostramos</span> <span data-scayt_word="uma" data-scaytid="31">uma</span> <span data-scayt_word="lista" data-scaytid="32">lista</span> de <span data-scayt_word="algumas" data-scaytid="12">algumas</span> <span data-scayt_word="diferenças" data-scaytid="15">diferen&ccedil;as</span> de <span data-scayt_word="vocabulário" data-scaytid="28">vocabul&aacute;rio</span>.</div> </div> <p> <br /> &nbsp;</p> <table align="center" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2" width="90%"> <tbody> <tr bgcolor="Navy"> <td> British English</td> <td bgcolor="White"> <img border="0" height="50" src="http://www.bbcweb.com.br/imagens/gifs/british-flag.gif" width="68" /></td> <td> American English</td> <td bgcolor="White"> <img border="0" height="50" src="http://www.bbcweb.com.br/imagens/gifs/american-flag.gif" width="75" /></td> <td> Portuguese</td> <td bgcolor="White"> <img border="0" height="50" src="http://www.bbcweb.com.br/imagens/gifs/brazilian-flag.gif" width="68" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> university</td> <td colspan="2"> college</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="universidade" data-scaytid="33">universidade</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> holiday</td> <td colspan="2"> vacation</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="férias" data-scaytid="34">f&eacute;rias</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> fortnight</td> <td colspan="2"> two weeks</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="duas" data-scaytid="42">duas</span> <span data-scayt_word="semanas" data-scaytid="43">semanas</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> autumn</td> <td colspan="2"> fall</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="outuno" data-scaytid="44">outuno</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> public toilet</td> <td colspan="2"> rest room</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="banheiro" data-scaytid="45">banheiro</span> <span data-scayt_word="público" data-scaytid="46">p&uacute;blico</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> ground floor</td> <td colspan="2"> first floor</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="andar" data-scaytid="49">andar</span> <span data-scayt_word="térreo" data-scaytid="50">t&eacute;rreo</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> trousers</td> <td colspan="2"> pants</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="calças" data-scaytid="51">cal&ccedil;as</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> pants</td> <td colspan="2"> under pants</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="cuecas" data-scaytid="52">cuecas</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> waistcoat</td> <td colspan="2"> vest</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="colete" data-scaytid="53">colete</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> vest</td> <td colspan="2"> undershirt</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="camiseta" data-scaytid="133">camiseta</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> trainers/sports shoes</td> <td colspan="2"> sneakers</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="tênis" data-scaytid="134">t&ecirc;nis</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> chips</td> <td colspan="2"> French fries</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="batatas" data-scaytid="135">batatas</span> <span data-scayt_word="fritas" data-scaytid="136">fritas</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> crisps</td> <td colspan="2"> chips</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="salgadinhos" data-scaytid="60">salgadinhos</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> sweets</td> <td colspan="2"> candy</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="balas" data-scaytid="61">balas</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="buiscuits" data-scaytid="62">buiscuits</span></td> <td colspan="2"> cookies</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="biscoitos" data-scaytid="63">biscoitos</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> bonnet</td> <td colspan="2"> engine hood</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="capô" data-scaytid="64">cap&ocirc;</span> do motor</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> boots</td> <td colspan="2"> trunk</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="porta" data-scaytid="68">porta</span> <span data-scayt_word="malas" data-scaytid="69">malas</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> number plate</td> <td colspan="2"> license plate</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="placa" data-scaytid="70">placa</span> de <span data-scayt_word="automóvel" data-scaytid="71">autom&oacute;vel</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> car park</td> <td colspan="2"> parking lot</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="estacionamento" data-scaytid="80">estacionamento</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> queue</td> <td colspan="2"> stand in line</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="ficar" data-scaytid="81">ficar</span> <span data-scayt_word="na" data-scaytid="82">na</span> <span data-scayt_word="fila" data-scaytid="83">fila</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> taxi</td> <td colspan="2"> taxi/cab</td> <td colspan="2"> taxi</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> underground/tube</td> <td colspan="2"> subway</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="metrô" data-scaytid="84">metr&ocirc;</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> subway</td> <td colspan="2"> underpass</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="passagemp" data-scaytid="89">passagemp</span>/<span data-scayt_word="pedestre" data-scaytid="90">pedestre</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> rubbish</td> <td colspan="2"> trash/<span data-scayt_word="gabage" data-scaytid="91">gabage</span></td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="lixo" data-scaytid="93">lixo</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> rubbish bin/dustbin</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="trashcan" data-scaytid="95">trashcan</span>/<span data-scayt_word="gabage" data-scaytid="92">gabage</span> can</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="lata" data-scaytid="96">lata</span> de <span data-scayt_word="lixo" data-scaytid="94">lixo</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> pavement/footpath</td> <td colspan="2"> sidewalk</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="calçada" data-scaytid="105">cal&ccedil;ada</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> petrol</td> <td colspan="2"> gas</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="gasolina" data-scaytid="106">gasolina</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> motorway, main road</td> <td colspan="2"> highway, freeway</td> <td colspan="2"> auto <span data-scayt_word="estrada" data-scaytid="107">estrada</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> single ticket</td> <td colspan="2"> one way ticket</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="passagem" data-scaytid="112">passagem</span> de <span data-scayt_word="ida" data-scaytid="114">ida</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> return trip</td> <td colspan="2"> round trip</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="passagem" data-scaytid="113">passagem</span> <span data-scayt_word="ida" data-scaytid="115">ida</span>/<span data-scayt_word="volta" data-scaytid="116">volta</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> crossroads</td> <td colspan="2"> intersection</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="cruzamentos" data-scaytid="130">cruzamentos</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> windscreen (on a car)</td> <td colspan="2"> windshield</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="para-brisa" data-scaytid="131">para-brisa</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> railway</td> <td colspan="2"> railroad</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="ferrovia" data-scaytid="132">ferrovia</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="aeroplane" data-scaytid="147">aeroplane</span></td> <td colspan="2"> airplane</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="avião" data-scaytid="148">avi&atilde;o</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> lorry</td> <td colspan="2"> truck</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="caminhão" data-scaytid="149">caminh&atilde;o</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> flat/apartment</td> <td colspan="2"> apartment</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="apartamento" data-scaytid="150">apartamento</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> lift</td> <td colspan="2"> elevator</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="elevador" data-scaytid="156">elevador</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> fridge</td> <td colspan="2"> refrigerator</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="geladeira" data-scaytid="157">geladeira</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> engaged</td> <td colspan="2"> busy</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="ocupado" data-scaytid="158">ocupado</span> (phone)</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> bill</td> <td colspan="2"> check/bill</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="conta" data-scaytid="170">conta</span> (in a restaurant)</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="centre" data-scaytid="171">centre</span></td> <td colspan="2"> downtown</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="centro" data-scaytid="172">centro</span> <span data-scayt_word="da" data-scaytid="164">da</span> <span data-scayt_word="cidade" data-scaytid="174">cidade</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> rubber/eraser</td> <td colspan="2"> eraser</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="borracha" data-scaytid="175">borracha</span> (de <span data-scayt_word="apagar" data-scaytid="176">apagar</span>)</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> post</td> <td colspan="2"> mail</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="correio" data-scaytid="191">correio</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> shop</td> <td colspan="2"> store</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="loja" data-scaytid="192">loja</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> tin/can</td> <td colspan="2"> can</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="lata" data-scaytid="189">lata</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> guy, bloke</td> <td colspan="2"> guy</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="cara" data-scaytid="194">cara</span> (<span data-scayt_word="pessoa" data-scaytid="195">pessoa</span>, <span data-scayt_word="rapaz" data-scaytid="196">rapaz</span>)</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> lift</td> <td colspan="2"> ride</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="carona" data-scaytid="197">carona</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> driving <span data-scayt_word="licence" data-scaytid="198">licence</span></td> <td colspan="2"> driver&rsquo;s license</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="carteira" data-scaytid="199">carteira</span> de <span data-scayt_word="habilitação" data-scaytid="200">habilita&ccedil;&atilde;o</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> postcode</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="zipcode" data-scaytid="201">zipcode</span></td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="CEP" data-scaytid="202">CEP</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> cinema</td> <td colspan="2"> movie theater</td> <td colspan="2"> cinema</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="headteacher" data-scaytid="203">headteacher</span>/headmaster</td> <td colspan="2"> principal</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="diretor" data-scaytid="204">diretor</span> (de <span data-scayt_word="escola" data-scaytid="205">escola</span>)</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> curriculum vitae</td> <td colspan="2"> resume</td> <td colspan="2"> curriculum vitae</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> independent school</td> <td colspan="2"> private school</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="escola" data-scaytid="206">escola</span> particular</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> state school/public school</td> <td colspan="2"> public school</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="escola" data-scaytid="208">escola</span> <span data-scayt_word="pública" data-scaytid="210">p&uacute;blica</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> bank holiday</td> <td colspan="2"> national holiday</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="feriado" data-scaytid="211">feriado</span> <span data-scayt_word="nacional" data-scaytid="212">nacional</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="posgraduate" data-scaytid="213">posgraduate</span> course</td> <td colspan="2"> graduate studies</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="pos-graduação" data-scaytid="214">pos-gradua&ccedil;&atilde;o</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> reception</td> <td colspan="2"> front desk</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="recepção" data-scaytid="215">recep&ccedil;&atilde;o</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> mobile phone</td> <td colspan="2"> cell phone</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="telefone" data-scaytid="216">telefone</span> <span data-scayt_word="celular" data-scaytid="217">celular</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="sellotape" data-scaytid="218">sellotape</span></td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="scotsh" data-scaytid="219">scotsh</span> tape</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="fita" data-scaytid="220">fita</span> <span data-scayt_word="adesiva" data-scaytid="221">adesiva</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> nappy</td> <td colspan="2"> diaper</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="fralda" data-scaytid="222">fralda</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> to let</td> <td colspan="2"> to rent</td> <td colspan="2"> <span data-scayt_word="aluga-se" data-scaytid="223">aluga-se</span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Substantivo e Preposição 2011-12-06T12:17:02-02:00 2011-12-06T12:17:02-02:00 https://ingles.eu.org/gramatica-inglesa/164-substantivos-nouns/1591-substantivo-e-preposicao Samuel S Santos <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center"><strong><span style="color: #ff0000">- Substantivo + preposição + ...ing:</span></strong></p> <p>What are the chances of finding a taxi?<br /> (Quais são as chances de achar um táxi?)</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>What is the advantage of paying now?<br /> (Qual a vantagem de pagar agora?)<br /> &nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>He has difficulty in talking to the public.<br /> (Ele tem dificuldade em falar em público.)</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>He is in doubt about buying another car.<br /> (Ele está em dúvida com relação a comprar um outro carro.)</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>I like the idea of moving here.<br /> (Gosto da idéia de mudar daqui.)</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>There's no interest in writing letters.<br /> (Não há interesse em escrever cartas.)</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>This is a simple method of finding solutions.<br /> (Este é um método simples de encontrar soluções.)</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>There are good reasons for eating a lot of fruit.<br /> (Existem boas razões para comer muita fruta.)<br /> &nbsp; <br /> There's a risk of digging too deep.<br /> (Há um risco em cavar muito fundo.)</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center"><strong><span style="color: #ff0000">- Substantivo + preposição + ...ing:</span></strong></p> <p>What are the chances of finding a taxi?<br /> (Quais são as chances de achar um táxi?)</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>What is the advantage of paying now?<br /> (Qual a vantagem de pagar agora?)<br /> &nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>He has difficulty in talking to the public.<br /> (Ele tem dificuldade em falar em público.)</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>He is in doubt about buying another car.<br /> (Ele está em dúvida com relação a comprar um outro carro.)</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>I like the idea of moving here.<br /> (Gosto da idéia de mudar daqui.)</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>There's no interest in writing letters.<br /> (Não há interesse em escrever cartas.)</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>This is a simple method of finding solutions.<br /> (Este é um método simples de encontrar soluções.)</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>There are good reasons for eating a lot of fruit.<br /> (Existem boas razões para comer muita fruta.)<br /> &nbsp; <br /> There's a risk of digging too deep.<br /> (Há um risco em cavar muito fundo.)</p> Substantivos Incontáveis (Uncountable nouns) 2010-07-09T19:17:05-03:00 2010-07-09T19:17:05-03:00 https://ingles.eu.org/gramatica-inglesa/164-substantivos-nouns/1428-substantivos-incontaveis-uncountable-nouns Samuel S Santos <p>&nbsp;</p> <h3 style="text-align: center; color: red"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="line-height: 150%">Substantivos Incontáveis</span></span></h3> <div style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="line-height: 150%">(Uncountable nouns)</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><i><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Uncountable nouns</span></i><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> nomeiam substantivos que não são contados em unidades individuais ou pedaços, mas eles são medidos ou pesados.</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Os </span><b><i><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Uncountable Nouns</span></i></b><i><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">(</span></i><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">ou</span><b><i><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> Mass Nouns</span></i></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">) representam um grupo menor de substantivos. Eles denotam uma substância homogênea, isto é, coisas que percebemos mais como uma massa do que como um ou vários objetos isolados, ou uma idéia abstrata que, em inglês, não permite subdivisões.</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Uncountable nouns</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> nomeiam substantivos que </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">não</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> são contados em unidades individuais ou pedaços.Eles possuem apenas uma forma. São sempre singulares, mas podem ser medidos ou pesados.</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Esses substantivos, portanto, não podem ser contados, enumerados, tendo a mesma forma para o singular e para o plural. Ainda que o sentido seja plural, o verbo com o qual concordam também vai ficar sempre no singular. Exemplos:</span></div> <p> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" width="400" style="width: 300pt"> <tbody> <tr> <td width="43%" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 43%; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="line-height: 150%"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">water (água)</span></div> </td> <td width="57%" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 57%; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="line-height: 150%"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">air (</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">ar</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">)</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="line-height: 150%"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">salt (sal)</span></div> </td> <td style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="line-height: 150%"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">snow (</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">neve</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">)</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="line-height: 150%"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">money (dinheiro)</span></div> </td> <td style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="line-height: 150%"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">evidence (</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">evidência</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">)</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="line-height: 150%"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">music (música)</span></div> </td> <td style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="line-height: 150%"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">proof (</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">prova</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">)</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="line-height: 150%"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">ink (tinta para escrever ou para imprimir)</span></div> </td> <td style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="line-height: 150%"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">housework (</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">serviço domético</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">)</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="line-height: 150%"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">weather (</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">tempo metereológico</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">)</span></div> </td> <td style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="line-height: 150%"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">permission (</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">permissão</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">)</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: left; line-height: 150%" align="left"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">jewerly (</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">jóias</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">)</span></div> </td> <td style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="line-height: 150%"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">eletricity (</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">eletricidade</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">)</span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </p> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Examples:</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> </span><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Air, light, strength, water, money, coffee and rice.</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Uncountable nouns</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> nomeiam substantivos que </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">não</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> são contados em unidades individuais ou pedaços.Eles possuem apenas uma forma. São sempre singulares, mas podem ser medidos ou pesados.</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Ex.:</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Air, light, strength, water, money, coffee and rice.</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Assim como os subtantivos contáveis, os substantivos </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">não contáveis</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> têm também seus quantifiers determinantes. </span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">São eles:</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">enough, some (of), any (of) , none (of), no, all (of), the, much , very much , a little , too little , a lot (of), quite a lot (of)</span></b></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Ex.: </span><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">There are </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">enough</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> money in your pocket.</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Na maioria dos casos existe correlação entre os substantivos de Português e Inglês. (se o substantivo for uncountable em português, também o será em inglês). Em alguns casos entretanto, essa correlação é traída, induzindo o aluno a erro.</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Ex.:</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">I&rsquo;m going to ask for </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">some</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> information about &hellip;= </span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Eu vou pedir </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">algumas</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> informações sobre&hellip;</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Now we still have to buy </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">the</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> furniture.= </span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Agora ainda temos que comprar </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">os</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> móveis.</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Veja alguns exemplos:</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">information</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> -informações</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">knowledge</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> -conhecimentos</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">interest </span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">- juros</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">advice </span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">- conselhos</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">equipment</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; equipamentos</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">furniture</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; móveis</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">real estate</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; imóveis</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">vacation</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; férias</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">medicine</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; remédios</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">fruit </span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">-frutas</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">bread </span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">- pães</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">music </span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">- músicas</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">microwave</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; microondas</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">software</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; programas de computador</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">slang</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; gírias</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">O fato de estes substantivos do inglês estarem aqui relacionados como uncountable, </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">não significa</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> que os mesmos não possam jamais ser usados no plural. Significa apenas que normalmente, em linguagem comum, não são usados no plural.</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">(Bibliografia:</span><i><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> Dicionário Oxford Escolar &ndash; Editora Oxford</span></i><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">)</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">É comum usarmos </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">expressões </span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">(a can of,a piece of, a glass of, a pint of, a liter of, a bar of, etc(palavras incontáveis)) para que seja dada uma idéia de plural.</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Ex.:</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">I have some pieces of advice for you.</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Utilização dos Quantifiers (quantificadores)</span></b></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Quantifiers (quantificadores)</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> utilizados </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">antes de substantivos no plural</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">:</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">MANY</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Muitos, muitas</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">FEW</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Poucos, poucas</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">A FEW</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Uns poucos (alguns), umas poucas (algumas)</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">VERY FEW</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Muito poucos, muito poucas</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">HOW MANY?</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Quantos?</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">TOO MANY</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Demais</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">SO MANY</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Tantos, tantas</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">FEWER </span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">- Menos</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Quantifiers (quantificadores)</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> utilizados </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">antes de substantivos no singular</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">:</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">MUCH</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Muito, muita</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">LITTLE</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Pouco, pouca</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">A LITTLE</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Um pouco</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">VERY LITTLE</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Muito pouco, muito pouca</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">HOW MUCH?</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Quanto?, Quanta?</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">TOO MUCH</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Demais</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">SO MUCH</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> -Tanto, tanta</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">LESS </span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">- Menos</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Quantifiers (quantificadores)</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> utilizados </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">antes de substantivos no plural ou no singular</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">:</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">MORE</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Mais</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">A LOT OF</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> -muitos, muitas, muito, muita</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="color: #ff0000"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">NOTE:</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">&ldquo;</span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">A LOT OF</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">&rdquo;<br /> é </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">mais utilizado em frases afirmativas</span></b></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">&ldquo;</span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">MANY</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">&rdquo; e &ldquo;</span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">MUCH</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">&rdquo; são </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">mais utilizados em frases negativas e interrogativas</span></b></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Quantifiers (quantificadores)</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> utilizados </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">antes de adjetivos ou advérbios</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">: </span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">VERY</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Muito</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">QUITE / PRETTY</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Bastante</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">RATHER</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> -Um tanto</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">SO</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Tão</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">TOO </span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">- Demais</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Uso de any e some:</span></b></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">1.</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> Quando a sentença é </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">negativa</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">, use </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">any</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> em lugar de some.</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Ex:</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">She doesn&rsquo;t have any possessions.= </span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Ela não tem nenhuma posse.</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">They don&rsquo;t have any water. </span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">= Eles não tem nenhuma água.</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">2.</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> Para </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">perguntas</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">, usa-se </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">some</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> or </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">any</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">.</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Ex:</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Do you have any tests next week? </span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">= Você tem testes na próxima semana?</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Did she give you some books? </span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">= Ela te deu alguns livros?</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">All</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> é usado para generalizar.</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Ex.:</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">All dogs have tails.= </span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Todos os cachorros têm rabo.</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">All grass is green. = Toda grama é verde.</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">All + the</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> se referem a grupos.</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Ex.:</span><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">All the students did well. </span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">= Todos os estudantes fizeram o correto.</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Much</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> é usado em frases de negação e perguntas. Nas frases afirmativas, você deve usar </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">a lot of</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">.</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Ex:</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">There is a lot of water in this lake.= </span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Há muito água nesse lago.</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Quando usamos palavras comparativas, </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">não</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> podemos usar </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">very</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">, mas podemos usar </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">much</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> ou </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">far</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> para enfatizar.</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Ex:</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">My brother is much taller than me. </span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">= Meu irmão é muito mais alto do que eu.</span></span></div> <div>&nbsp;</div> <p>&nbsp;</p> <h3 style="text-align: center; color: red"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="line-height: 150%">Substantivos Incontáveis</span></span></h3> <div style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="line-height: 150%">(Uncountable nouns)</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><i><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Uncountable nouns</span></i><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> nomeiam substantivos que não são contados em unidades individuais ou pedaços, mas eles são medidos ou pesados.</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Os </span><b><i><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Uncountable Nouns</span></i></b><i><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">(</span></i><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">ou</span><b><i><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> Mass Nouns</span></i></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">) representam um grupo menor de substantivos. Eles denotam uma substância homogênea, isto é, coisas que percebemos mais como uma massa do que como um ou vários objetos isolados, ou uma idéia abstrata que, em inglês, não permite subdivisões.</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Uncountable nouns</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> nomeiam substantivos que </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">não</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> são contados em unidades individuais ou pedaços.Eles possuem apenas uma forma. São sempre singulares, mas podem ser medidos ou pesados.</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Esses substantivos, portanto, não podem ser contados, enumerados, tendo a mesma forma para o singular e para o plural. Ainda que o sentido seja plural, o verbo com o qual concordam também vai ficar sempre no singular. Exemplos:</span></div> <p> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" width="400" style="width: 300pt"> <tbody> <tr> <td width="43%" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 43%; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="line-height: 150%"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">water (água)</span></div> </td> <td width="57%" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 57%; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="line-height: 150%"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">air (</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">ar</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">)</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="line-height: 150%"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">salt (sal)</span></div> </td> <td style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="line-height: 150%"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">snow (</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">neve</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">)</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="line-height: 150%"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">money (dinheiro)</span></div> </td> <td style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="line-height: 150%"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">evidence (</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">evidência</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">)</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="line-height: 150%"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">music (música)</span></div> </td> <td style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="line-height: 150%"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">proof (</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">prova</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">)</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="line-height: 150%"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">ink (tinta para escrever ou para imprimir)</span></div> </td> <td style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="line-height: 150%"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">housework (</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">serviço domético</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">)</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="line-height: 150%"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">weather (</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">tempo metereológico</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">)</span></div> </td> <td style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="line-height: 150%"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">permission (</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">permissão</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">)</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: left; line-height: 150%" align="left"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">jewerly (</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">jóias</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">)</span></div> </td> <td style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="line-height: 150%"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">eletricity (</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">eletricidade</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">)</span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </p> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Examples:</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> </span><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Air, light, strength, water, money, coffee and rice.</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Uncountable nouns</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> nomeiam substantivos que </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">não</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> são contados em unidades individuais ou pedaços.Eles possuem apenas uma forma. São sempre singulares, mas podem ser medidos ou pesados.</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Ex.:</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Air, light, strength, water, money, coffee and rice.</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Assim como os subtantivos contáveis, os substantivos </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">não contáveis</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> têm também seus quantifiers determinantes. </span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">São eles:</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">enough, some (of), any (of) , none (of), no, all (of), the, much , very much , a little , too little , a lot (of), quite a lot (of)</span></b></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Ex.: </span><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">There are </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">enough</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> money in your pocket.</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Na maioria dos casos existe correlação entre os substantivos de Português e Inglês. (se o substantivo for uncountable em português, também o será em inglês). Em alguns casos entretanto, essa correlação é traída, induzindo o aluno a erro.</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Ex.:</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">I&rsquo;m going to ask for </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">some</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> information about &hellip;= </span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Eu vou pedir </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">algumas</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> informações sobre&hellip;</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Now we still have to buy </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">the</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> furniture.= </span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Agora ainda temos que comprar </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">os</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> móveis.</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Veja alguns exemplos:</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">information</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> -informações</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">knowledge</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> -conhecimentos</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">interest </span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">- juros</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">advice </span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">- conselhos</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">equipment</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; equipamentos</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">furniture</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; móveis</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">real estate</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; imóveis</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">vacation</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; férias</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">medicine</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; remédios</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">fruit </span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">-frutas</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">bread </span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">- pães</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">music </span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">- músicas</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">microwave</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; microondas</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">software</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; programas de computador</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">slang</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; gírias</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">O fato de estes substantivos do inglês estarem aqui relacionados como uncountable, </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">não significa</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> que os mesmos não possam jamais ser usados no plural. Significa apenas que normalmente, em linguagem comum, não são usados no plural.</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">(Bibliografia:</span><i><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> Dicionário Oxford Escolar &ndash; Editora Oxford</span></i><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">)</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">É comum usarmos </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">expressões </span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">(a can of,a piece of, a glass of, a pint of, a liter of, a bar of, etc(palavras incontáveis)) para que seja dada uma idéia de plural.</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Ex.:</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">I have some pieces of advice for you.</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Utilização dos Quantifiers (quantificadores)</span></b></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Quantifiers (quantificadores)</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> utilizados </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">antes de substantivos no plural</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">:</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">MANY</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Muitos, muitas</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">FEW</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Poucos, poucas</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">A FEW</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Uns poucos (alguns), umas poucas (algumas)</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">VERY FEW</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Muito poucos, muito poucas</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">HOW MANY?</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Quantos?</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">TOO MANY</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Demais</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">SO MANY</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Tantos, tantas</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">FEWER </span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">- Menos</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Quantifiers (quantificadores)</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> utilizados </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">antes de substantivos no singular</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">:</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">MUCH</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Muito, muita</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">LITTLE</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Pouco, pouca</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">A LITTLE</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Um pouco</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">VERY LITTLE</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Muito pouco, muito pouca</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">HOW MUCH?</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Quanto?, Quanta?</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">TOO MUCH</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Demais</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">SO MUCH</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> -Tanto, tanta</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">LESS </span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">- Menos</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Quantifiers (quantificadores)</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> utilizados </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">antes de substantivos no plural ou no singular</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">:</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">MORE</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Mais</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">A LOT OF</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> -muitos, muitas, muito, muita</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="color: #ff0000"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">NOTE:</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">&ldquo;</span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">A LOT OF</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">&rdquo;<br /> é </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">mais utilizado em frases afirmativas</span></b></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">&ldquo;</span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">MANY</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">&rdquo; e &ldquo;</span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">MUCH</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">&rdquo; são </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">mais utilizados em frases negativas e interrogativas</span></b></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Quantifiers (quantificadores)</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> utilizados </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">antes de adjetivos ou advérbios</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">: </span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">VERY</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Muito</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">QUITE / PRETTY</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Bastante</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">RATHER</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> -Um tanto</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">SO</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; Tão</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">TOO </span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">- Demais</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Uso de any e some:</span></b></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">1.</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> Quando a sentença é </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">negativa</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">, use </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">any</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> em lugar de some.</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Ex:</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">She doesn&rsquo;t have any possessions.= </span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Ela não tem nenhuma posse.</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">They don&rsquo;t have any water. </span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">= Eles não tem nenhuma água.</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">2.</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> Para </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">perguntas</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">, usa-se </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">some</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> or </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">any</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">.</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Ex:</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Do you have any tests next week? </span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">= Você tem testes na próxima semana?</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Did she give you some books? </span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">= Ela te deu alguns livros?</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">All</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> é usado para generalizar.</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Ex.:</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">All dogs have tails.= </span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Todos os cachorros têm rabo.</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">All grass is green. = Toda grama é verde.</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">All + the</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> se referem a grupos.</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Ex.:</span><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">All the students did well. </span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">= Todos os estudantes fizeram o correto.</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Much</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> é usado em frases de negação e perguntas. Nas frases afirmativas, você deve usar </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">a lot of</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">.</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Ex:</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">There is a lot of water in this lake.= </span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Há muito água nesse lago.</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Quando usamos palavras comparativas, </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">não</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> podemos usar </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">very</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">, mas podemos usar </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">much</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> ou </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">far</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> para enfatizar.</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Ex:</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">My brother is much taller than me. </span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">= Meu irmão é muito mais alto do que eu.</span></span></div> <div>&nbsp;</div> Substantivos Contáveis (Countable nouns) 2010-07-09T19:14:04-03:00 2010-07-09T19:14:04-03:00 https://ingles.eu.org/gramatica-inglesa/164-substantivos-nouns/1427-substantivos-contaveis-countable-nouns Samuel S Santos <h3 style="text-align: center; color: red"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="line-height: 150%">Substantivos Contáveis</span></b></span></h3> <div style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin: 12pt 0cm"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="line-height: 150%">(Countable nouns)</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 12pt 0cm"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Em geral, nós podemos dizer que <i>countable nouns</i>, como está implícito no próprio nome, referem-se a objetos que podem ser contados individualmente.</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 12pt 0cm"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Nem todos os substantivos em Inglês podem ser usados no plural. Os que têm plural são chamados de &ldquo;countable nouns&rdquo; (nomes contáveis) e, os que não têm plural chamados de &ldquo;uncountable nouns&rdquo; (nomes incontáveis ou de massa). Esta é uma distinção muito importante, uma vez que, afeta as palavras que estão associadas com os substantivos nas sentenças.</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 12pt 0cm"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Ex: </span><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Two books, two dogs, six chairs, four cities and two bags and three cats.</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 12pt 0cm"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Countable nouns</span></b></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 12pt 0cm"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Em geral, nós podemos dizer que countable nouns, como está implícito no próprio nome, referem-se a objetos que podem ser contados individualmente.Eles têm sua forma plural e singular.</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 12pt 0cm"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Ex.:</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 12pt 0cm"><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">car, train, book, elephant, parrot, shirt, two books, two dogs, seven chairs,etc</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 12pt 0cm"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Quantifiers</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; uma categoria de adjetivos, pronomes e artigos que quantificam os substantivos. No caso de substantivos contáveis, os quantifiers utilizados são os seguintes:</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 12pt 0cm"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">both (of), every, a, an , a lot (of) , quite a lot (of) , enough , some (of) , any (of) , the , many , too many , several , a few , very few , too few , each , none (of) , no , all (of) , both (of) , every , a, an , a lot (of) , quite a lot (of) ,enough , some (of) , any (of)</span></b></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 12pt 0cm"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Ex.:</span><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">There aren&rsquo;t </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">many</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> apples left. We&rsquo;ll have to buy more</span></span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">.</span></div> <div style="margin: auto 0cm 0pt">&nbsp;</div> <div style="margin: auto 0cm 0pt">&nbsp;</div> <h3 style="text-align: center; color: red"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="line-height: 150%">Substantivos Contáveis</span></b></span></h3> <div style="text-align: center; line-height: 150%; margin: 12pt 0cm"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="line-height: 150%">(Countable nouns)</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 12pt 0cm"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Em geral, nós podemos dizer que <i>countable nouns</i>, como está implícito no próprio nome, referem-se a objetos que podem ser contados individualmente.</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 12pt 0cm"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Nem todos os substantivos em Inglês podem ser usados no plural. Os que têm plural são chamados de &ldquo;countable nouns&rdquo; (nomes contáveis) e, os que não têm plural chamados de &ldquo;uncountable nouns&rdquo; (nomes incontáveis ou de massa). Esta é uma distinção muito importante, uma vez que, afeta as palavras que estão associadas com os substantivos nas sentenças.</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 12pt 0cm"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Ex: </span><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Two books, two dogs, six chairs, four cities and two bags and three cats.</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 12pt 0cm"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Countable nouns</span></b></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 12pt 0cm"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Em geral, nós podemos dizer que countable nouns, como está implícito no próprio nome, referem-se a objetos que podem ser contados individualmente.Eles têm sua forma plural e singular.</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 12pt 0cm"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Ex.:</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 12pt 0cm"><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">car, train, book, elephant, parrot, shirt, two books, two dogs, seven chairs,etc</span></span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 12pt 0cm"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Quantifiers</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> &ndash; uma categoria de adjetivos, pronomes e artigos que quantificam os substantivos. No caso de substantivos contáveis, os quantifiers utilizados são os seguintes:</span></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 12pt 0cm"><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">both (of), every, a, an , a lot (of) , quite a lot (of) , enough , some (of) , any (of) , the , many , too many , several , a few , very few , too few , each , none (of) , no , all (of) , both (of) , every , a, an , a lot (of) , quite a lot (of) ,enough , some (of) , any (of)</span></b></div> <div style="line-height: 150%; margin: 12pt 0cm"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">Ex.:</span><span style="color: #3366ff"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">There aren&rsquo;t </span><b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">many</span></b><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt"> apples left. We&rsquo;ll have to buy more</span></span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 9pt">.</span></div> <div style="margin: auto 0cm 0pt">&nbsp;</div> <div style="margin: auto 0cm 0pt">&nbsp;</div> Coletivo 2010-04-30T19:06:38-03:00 2010-04-30T19:06:38-03:00 https://ingles.eu.org/gramatica-inglesa/164-substantivos-nouns/1375-coletivo Samuel S Santos <h3 style="text-align: center; color: red"><span style="font-size: 12px">Coletivo</span></h3> <div style="text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: black">Collective Nouns + of</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #ffffcd">1 </span><span style="color: #00009a">Os substantivos colectivos, </span><span style="color: #9a0000">COLLECTIVE NOUNS</span><span style="color: #00009a">, s</span><span style="color: #00009a">ã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o palavras que designam um</span></span> <span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #00009a">agrupamento de seres ou objectos da mesma esp</span><span style="color: #00009a">é</span><span style="color: #00009a">cie.</span></span> <span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #00009a">Os exemplos que se seguem t</span><span style="color: #00009a">ê</span><span style="color: #00009a">m a forma de:</span></span> <span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">A</span><span style="color: #9a0000">(</span><span style="color: #9a0000">N</span><span style="color: #9a0000">) </span><span style="color: #00009a">+ </span><span style="color: #9a0000">COLLECTIVE NOUN </span><span style="color: #00009a">+ </span><span style="color: #9a0000">OF </span><span style="color: #00009a">+ (seres ou objectos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #00009a"><br /> <span style="color: #ff0000">NOTA:</span> </span><span style="color: #00009a">Algumas das palavras traduzidas para portugu</span><span style="color: #00009a">ê</span><span style="color: #00009a">s podem n</span><span style="color: #00009a">ã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o ser</span></span> <span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #00009a">consideradas como </span><span style="color: #00009a">substantivos colectivos </span><span style="color: #00009a">devido ao facto de n</span><span style="color: #00009a">ã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o haver uma</span></span> <span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #00009a">equival</span><span style="color: #00009a">ê</span><span style="color: #00009a">ncia exacta na l</span><span style="color: #00009a">í</span><span style="color: #00009a">ngua portuguesa.</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #ffffcd">Collective Nouns Significado</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">an </span><span style="color: #9a0000">army </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (ants) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um ex</span><span style="color: #00009a">é</span><span style="color: #00009a">rcito de (formigas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">an </span><span style="color: #9a0000">array </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (facts) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma s</span><span style="color: #00009a">é</span><span style="color: #00009a">rie de (factos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">band </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (thieves ) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bando de (ladr</span><span style="color: #00009a">õ</span><span style="color: #00009a">es)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">batch </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (letters) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma remessa de (cartas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">batch </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (recruits) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (recrutas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">battalion </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (photographers) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um batalh</span><span style="color: #00009a">ã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o de (fot</span><span style="color: #00009a">ó</span><span style="color: #00009a">grafos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">battery </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (tests) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma s</span><span style="color: #00009a">é</span><span style="color: #00009a">rie de (testes)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">bevy </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (beautiful girls) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo (de raparigas lindas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">board </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (directors) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um conselho de (administra</span><span style="color: #00009a">çã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">board </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (examiners) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (examinadores)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">body </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (men) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (homens)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">bouquet </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (roses) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bouquet de (rosas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">brood </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (chicks / ducklings) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma ninhada de (pintos / patinhos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">bunch </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (flowers) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um ramo de (flores)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">bunch </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (keys) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um molho de (chaves)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">bunch </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (bananas) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um cacho de (bananas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">bundle </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (clothes) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma trouxa de (roupa)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">bundle </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (sticks) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um feixe de (lenha)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">charm </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (finches) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bando de (tentilh</span><span style="color: #00009a">õ</span><span style="color: #00009a">es)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">circle </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (friends) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um c</span><span style="color: #00009a">í</span><span style="color: #00009a">rculo de (amigos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">class </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (10 students) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma turma de (10 alunos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">cloud </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (mosquitoes) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma nuvem de (mosquitos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">clowder </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (cats) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (gatos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">clump </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (trees) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um conjunto de (</span><span style="color: #00009a">á</span><span style="color: #00009a">rvores)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">cluster </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (stars) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (estrelas) </span><span style="color: #9a0000">(1)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">collection </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (coins) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma colec</span><span style="color: #00009a">çã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o de (moedas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">colony </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (ants) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma col</span><span style="color: #00009a">ó</span><span style="color: #00009a">nia de (formigas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">company </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (players) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo (teatral)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">constellation </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (film stars) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma constela</span><span style="color: #00009a">çã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o de (estrelas do</span></span> <span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #00009a">cinema)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">corps </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (soldiers) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um corpo (militar)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">coterie </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (artists) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma classe de (artistas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">contingent </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (soldiers) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um contingente de (militares)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">covey </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (partridges) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bando de (perdizes)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">crew </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (sailors) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma tripula</span><span style="color: #00009a">çã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o de (marinheiros)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">crop </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (apples) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma colheita de (ma</span><span style="color: #00009a">çã</span><span style="color: #00009a">s)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">crop </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (students) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (alunos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">crowd </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (people) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma multid</span><span style="color: #00009a">ã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">deck </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (cards) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um baralho de (cartas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">detachment </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (troops) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um destacamento de (tropas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">drove </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (cattle) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um manada de (bois) em movimento</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">drove </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (sightseers) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (turistas) em movimento</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">an </span><span style="color: #9a0000">exaltation </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (larks) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bando de (cotovias)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">fleet </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (ships) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma esquadra de (navios)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">fleet </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (buses) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma frota de (autocarros)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">flight </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (stairs) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um lan</span><span style="color: #00009a">ç</span><span style="color: #00009a">o de (escadas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">flight </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (swallows) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (andorinhas) em voo</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">flock </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (birds) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bando de (aves)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">flock </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (sheep) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um rebanho de (ovelhas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">flock </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (tourists) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma multid</span><span style="color: #00009a">ã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o de (turistas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">gaggle </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (geese) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bando de (gansos) em terra</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">gaggle </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (schoolgirls) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (alunas) faladoras</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">gam </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (whales) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (baleias)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">gang </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (elks) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (alces)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">gang </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (thieves) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma quadrilha de (ladr</span><span style="color: #00009a">õ</span><span style="color: #00009a">es)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">group </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (people) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (pessoas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">heap </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (clothes) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma pilha de (roupa)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">herd </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (elephants) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma manada de (elefantes)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">herd </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (pack animals) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma r</span><span style="color: #00009a">é</span><span style="color: #00009a">cua</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">herd </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (swine) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma vara de (porcos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">hive </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (bees) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um enxame de (abelhas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">horde </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (children) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo indisciplinado de (crian</span><span style="color: #00009a">ç</span><span style="color: #00009a">as)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">host </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (accessories) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma conjunto de (acess</span><span style="color: #00009a">ó</span><span style="color: #00009a">rios)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">kennel </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (dogs) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma matilha</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">kindle </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (kittens) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma ninhada de (gatinhos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">knot </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (people) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo pequeno de (pessoas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">legion </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (admirers) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma legi</span><span style="color: #00009a">ã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o de (admiradores)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">levy </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (soldiers) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma leva de (tropas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">litter </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (puppies) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma ninhada de (cachorros)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">mass </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (spectators) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma multid</span><span style="color: #00009a">ã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o de (espectadores)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">mob </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (hooligans) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bando de (desordeiros)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">murder </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (crows) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bando de (corvos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">murmuration </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (starlings) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bando de (estorninhos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">muster </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (peacocks) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bando de (pav</span><span style="color: #00009a">õ</span><span style="color: #00009a">es)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">muster </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (troops) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma reuni</span><span style="color: #00009a">ã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o de (tropas) para revista</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">nest </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (tables / boxes) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um jogo de (mesinhas / caixas) que</span></span> <span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #00009a">encaixam umas nas outras</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">pack </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (wolves) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma alcateia</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">pack </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (hounds) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma matilha de ca</span><span style="color: #00009a">ç</span><span style="color: #00009a">a</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">pack </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (lies) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um amontoado de (mentiras)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">pack </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (thieves) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma quadrilha de (ladr</span><span style="color: #00009a">õ</span><span style="color: #00009a">es)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">panel </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (judges) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um painel de (juizes)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">party </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (schoolchildren) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (crian</span><span style="color: #00009a">ç</span><span style="color: #00009a">as da escola)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">phalanx </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (riot police) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um cord</span><span style="color: #00009a">ã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o (policial)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">pile </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (papers) </span><span style="color: #00009a">papelada</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">plague </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (locusts) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma praga de (gafanhotos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">plump </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (waterfowl) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bando de (aves aqu</span><span style="color: #00009a">á</span><span style="color: #00009a">ticas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">plump </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (ducks) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bando de (patos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">pod </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (seals) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um pequeno grupo de (focas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">pod </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (whales) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um pequeno grupo de (baleias)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">posse </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (reporters) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (rep</span><span style="color: #00009a">ó</span><span style="color: #00009a">rteres)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">press </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (people) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma multid</span><span style="color: #00009a">ã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o em movimento</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">pride </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (lions) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (le</span><span style="color: #00009a">õ</span><span style="color: #00009a">es)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">range </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (tools) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma variedade de (ferramentas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">regiment </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (ants) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um ex</span><span style="color: #00009a">é</span><span style="color: #00009a">rcito de (formigas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">ring </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (thieves) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma quadrilha de (ladr</span><span style="color: #00009a">õ</span><span style="color: #00009a">es)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">rout </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (wolves) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma alcateia agitada</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">school </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (whales) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (baleias)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">set </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (rules / cutlery) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um conjunto de (regras / talheres)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">shoal </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (fish) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um cardume de (peixes)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">skein </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (geese) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bando de (gansos) em voo</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">skulk </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (foxes) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (raposas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">sloth </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (bears) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (ursos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">spring </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (teal) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bando de (parrecos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">staff </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (nurses) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (enfermeiros)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">string </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (onions) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma r</span><span style="color: #00009a">é</span><span style="color: #00009a">stia de (cebolas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">string </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (pearls) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um fio de (p</span><span style="color: #00009a">é</span><span style="color: #00009a">rolas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">suite </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (rooms) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um conjunto de (salas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">swarm </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (bees) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um enxame de (abelhas) em voo</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">swarm </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (ants) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma col</span><span style="color: #00009a">ó</span><span style="color: #00009a">nia de (formigas) em</span></span> <span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #00009a">movimento</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">team </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (horses) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma parelha de (cavalos) </span><span style="color: #9a0000">(2)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">team </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (oxen) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma junta de (bois)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">team </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (researchers) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma equipa de (investigadores)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">throng </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (tourists) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma multid</span><span style="color: #00009a">ã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o de (turistas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">troop </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (monkeys) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bando de (macacos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">wad </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (bank notes) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um ma</span><span style="color: #00009a">ç</span><span style="color: #00009a">o de (notas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">watch </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (nightingales) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bando de (rouxin</span><span style="color: #00009a">ó</span><span style="color: #00009a">is)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">(1) </span><span style="color: #00009a">a palavra </span><span style="color: #00009a">constela</span><span style="color: #00009a">çã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o </span><span style="color: #00009a">n</span><span style="color: #00009a">ã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o se emprega neste caso, porque </span><span style="color: #9a0000">a cluster of stars </span><span style="color: #00009a">n</span><span style="color: #00009a">ã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o</span></span> <span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #00009a">apresenta uma determinada figura convencional.</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">(2) </span><span style="color: #00009a">a palavra </span><span style="color: #00009a">parelha </span><span style="color: #00009a">pode n</span><span style="color: #00009a">ã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o ser uma tradu</span><span style="color: #00009a">çã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o exacta quando </span><span style="color: #9a0000">a team of horses</span></span> <span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #00009a">se refere a um n</span><span style="color: #00009a">ú</span><span style="color: #00009a">mero superior a dois animais.</span></span></div> <h3 style="text-align: center; color: red"><span style="font-size: 12px">Coletivo</span></h3> <div style="text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: black">Collective Nouns + of</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #ffffcd">1 </span><span style="color: #00009a">Os substantivos colectivos, </span><span style="color: #9a0000">COLLECTIVE NOUNS</span><span style="color: #00009a">, s</span><span style="color: #00009a">ã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o palavras que designam um</span></span> <span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #00009a">agrupamento de seres ou objectos da mesma esp</span><span style="color: #00009a">é</span><span style="color: #00009a">cie.</span></span> <span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #00009a">Os exemplos que se seguem t</span><span style="color: #00009a">ê</span><span style="color: #00009a">m a forma de:</span></span> <span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">A</span><span style="color: #9a0000">(</span><span style="color: #9a0000">N</span><span style="color: #9a0000">) </span><span style="color: #00009a">+ </span><span style="color: #9a0000">COLLECTIVE NOUN </span><span style="color: #00009a">+ </span><span style="color: #9a0000">OF </span><span style="color: #00009a">+ (seres ou objectos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #00009a"><br /> <span style="color: #ff0000">NOTA:</span> </span><span style="color: #00009a">Algumas das palavras traduzidas para portugu</span><span style="color: #00009a">ê</span><span style="color: #00009a">s podem n</span><span style="color: #00009a">ã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o ser</span></span> <span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #00009a">consideradas como </span><span style="color: #00009a">substantivos colectivos </span><span style="color: #00009a">devido ao facto de n</span><span style="color: #00009a">ã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o haver uma</span></span> <span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #00009a">equival</span><span style="color: #00009a">ê</span><span style="color: #00009a">ncia exacta na l</span><span style="color: #00009a">í</span><span style="color: #00009a">ngua portuguesa.</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #ffffcd">Collective Nouns Significado</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">an </span><span style="color: #9a0000">army </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (ants) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um ex</span><span style="color: #00009a">é</span><span style="color: #00009a">rcito de (formigas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">an </span><span style="color: #9a0000">array </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (facts) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma s</span><span style="color: #00009a">é</span><span style="color: #00009a">rie de (factos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">band </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (thieves ) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bando de (ladr</span><span style="color: #00009a">õ</span><span style="color: #00009a">es)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">batch </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (letters) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma remessa de (cartas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">batch </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (recruits) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (recrutas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">battalion </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (photographers) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um batalh</span><span style="color: #00009a">ã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o de (fot</span><span style="color: #00009a">ó</span><span style="color: #00009a">grafos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">battery </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (tests) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma s</span><span style="color: #00009a">é</span><span style="color: #00009a">rie de (testes)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">bevy </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (beautiful girls) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo (de raparigas lindas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">board </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (directors) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um conselho de (administra</span><span style="color: #00009a">çã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">board </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (examiners) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (examinadores)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">body </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (men) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (homens)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">bouquet </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (roses) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bouquet de (rosas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">brood </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (chicks / ducklings) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma ninhada de (pintos / patinhos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">bunch </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (flowers) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um ramo de (flores)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">bunch </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (keys) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um molho de (chaves)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">bunch </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (bananas) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um cacho de (bananas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">bundle </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (clothes) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma trouxa de (roupa)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">bundle </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (sticks) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um feixe de (lenha)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">charm </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (finches) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bando de (tentilh</span><span style="color: #00009a">õ</span><span style="color: #00009a">es)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">circle </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (friends) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um c</span><span style="color: #00009a">í</span><span style="color: #00009a">rculo de (amigos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">class </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (10 students) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma turma de (10 alunos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">cloud </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (mosquitoes) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma nuvem de (mosquitos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">clowder </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (cats) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (gatos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">clump </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (trees) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um conjunto de (</span><span style="color: #00009a">á</span><span style="color: #00009a">rvores)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">cluster </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (stars) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (estrelas) </span><span style="color: #9a0000">(1)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">collection </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (coins) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma colec</span><span style="color: #00009a">çã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o de (moedas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">colony </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (ants) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma col</span><span style="color: #00009a">ó</span><span style="color: #00009a">nia de (formigas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">company </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (players) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo (teatral)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">constellation </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (film stars) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma constela</span><span style="color: #00009a">çã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o de (estrelas do</span></span> <span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #00009a">cinema)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">corps </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (soldiers) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um corpo (militar)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">coterie </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (artists) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma classe de (artistas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">contingent </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (soldiers) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um contingente de (militares)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">covey </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (partridges) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bando de (perdizes)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">crew </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (sailors) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma tripula</span><span style="color: #00009a">çã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o de (marinheiros)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">crop </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (apples) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma colheita de (ma</span><span style="color: #00009a">çã</span><span style="color: #00009a">s)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">crop </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (students) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (alunos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">crowd </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (people) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma multid</span><span style="color: #00009a">ã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">deck </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (cards) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um baralho de (cartas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">detachment </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (troops) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um destacamento de (tropas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">drove </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (cattle) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um manada de (bois) em movimento</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">drove </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (sightseers) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (turistas) em movimento</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">an </span><span style="color: #9a0000">exaltation </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (larks) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bando de (cotovias)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">fleet </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (ships) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma esquadra de (navios)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">fleet </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (buses) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma frota de (autocarros)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">flight </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (stairs) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um lan</span><span style="color: #00009a">ç</span><span style="color: #00009a">o de (escadas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">flight </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (swallows) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (andorinhas) em voo</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">flock </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (birds) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bando de (aves)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">flock </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (sheep) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um rebanho de (ovelhas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">flock </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (tourists) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma multid</span><span style="color: #00009a">ã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o de (turistas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">gaggle </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (geese) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bando de (gansos) em terra</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">gaggle </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (schoolgirls) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (alunas) faladoras</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">gam </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (whales) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (baleias)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">gang </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (elks) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (alces)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">gang </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (thieves) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma quadrilha de (ladr</span><span style="color: #00009a">õ</span><span style="color: #00009a">es)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">group </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (people) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (pessoas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">heap </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (clothes) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma pilha de (roupa)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">herd </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (elephants) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma manada de (elefantes)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">herd </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (pack animals) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma r</span><span style="color: #00009a">é</span><span style="color: #00009a">cua</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">herd </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (swine) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma vara de (porcos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">hive </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (bees) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um enxame de (abelhas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">horde </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (children) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo indisciplinado de (crian</span><span style="color: #00009a">ç</span><span style="color: #00009a">as)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">host </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (accessories) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma conjunto de (acess</span><span style="color: #00009a">ó</span><span style="color: #00009a">rios)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">kennel </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (dogs) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma matilha</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">kindle </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (kittens) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma ninhada de (gatinhos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">knot </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (people) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo pequeno de (pessoas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">legion </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (admirers) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma legi</span><span style="color: #00009a">ã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o de (admiradores)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">levy </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (soldiers) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma leva de (tropas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">litter </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (puppies) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma ninhada de (cachorros)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">mass </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (spectators) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma multid</span><span style="color: #00009a">ã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o de (espectadores)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">mob </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (hooligans) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bando de (desordeiros)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">murder </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (crows) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bando de (corvos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">murmuration </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (starlings) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bando de (estorninhos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">muster </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (peacocks) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bando de (pav</span><span style="color: #00009a">õ</span><span style="color: #00009a">es)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">muster </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (troops) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma reuni</span><span style="color: #00009a">ã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o de (tropas) para revista</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">nest </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (tables / boxes) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um jogo de (mesinhas / caixas) que</span></span> <span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #00009a">encaixam umas nas outras</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">pack </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (wolves) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma alcateia</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">pack </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (hounds) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma matilha de ca</span><span style="color: #00009a">ç</span><span style="color: #00009a">a</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">pack </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (lies) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um amontoado de (mentiras)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">pack </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (thieves) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma quadrilha de (ladr</span><span style="color: #00009a">õ</span><span style="color: #00009a">es)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">panel </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (judges) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um painel de (juizes)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">party </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (schoolchildren) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (crian</span><span style="color: #00009a">ç</span><span style="color: #00009a">as da escola)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">phalanx </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (riot police) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um cord</span><span style="color: #00009a">ã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o (policial)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">pile </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (papers) </span><span style="color: #00009a">papelada</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">plague </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (locusts) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma praga de (gafanhotos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">plump </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (waterfowl) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bando de (aves aqu</span><span style="color: #00009a">á</span><span style="color: #00009a">ticas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">plump </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (ducks) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bando de (patos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">pod </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (seals) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um pequeno grupo de (focas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">pod </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (whales) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um pequeno grupo de (baleias)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">posse </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (reporters) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (rep</span><span style="color: #00009a">ó</span><span style="color: #00009a">rteres)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">press </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (people) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma multid</span><span style="color: #00009a">ã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o em movimento</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">pride </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (lions) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (le</span><span style="color: #00009a">õ</span><span style="color: #00009a">es)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">range </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (tools) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma variedade de (ferramentas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">regiment </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (ants) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um ex</span><span style="color: #00009a">é</span><span style="color: #00009a">rcito de (formigas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">ring </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (thieves) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma quadrilha de (ladr</span><span style="color: #00009a">õ</span><span style="color: #00009a">es)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">rout </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (wolves) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma alcateia agitada</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">school </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (whales) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (baleias)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">set </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (rules / cutlery) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um conjunto de (regras / talheres)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">shoal </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (fish) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um cardume de (peixes)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">skein </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (geese) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bando de (gansos) em voo</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">skulk </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (foxes) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (raposas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">sloth </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (bears) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (ursos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">spring </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (teal) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bando de (parrecos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">staff </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (nurses) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um grupo de (enfermeiros)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">string </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (onions) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma r</span><span style="color: #00009a">é</span><span style="color: #00009a">stia de (cebolas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">string </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (pearls) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um fio de (p</span><span style="color: #00009a">é</span><span style="color: #00009a">rolas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">suite </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (rooms) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um conjunto de (salas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">swarm </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (bees) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um enxame de (abelhas) em voo</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">swarm </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (ants) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma col</span><span style="color: #00009a">ó</span><span style="color: #00009a">nia de (formigas) em</span></span> <span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #00009a">movimento</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">team </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (horses) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma parelha de (cavalos) </span><span style="color: #9a0000">(2)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">team </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (oxen) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma junta de (bois)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">team </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (researchers) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma equipa de (investigadores)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">throng </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (tourists) </span><span style="color: #00009a">uma multid</span><span style="color: #00009a">ã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o de (turistas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">troop </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (monkeys) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bando de (macacos)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">wad </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (bank notes) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um ma</span><span style="color: #00009a">ç</span><span style="color: #00009a">o de (notas)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">a </span><span style="color: #9a0000">watch </span><span style="color: #9a0000">of (nightingales) </span><span style="color: #00009a">um bando de (rouxin</span><span style="color: #00009a">ó</span><span style="color: #00009a">is)</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">(1) </span><span style="color: #00009a">a palavra </span><span style="color: #00009a">constela</span><span style="color: #00009a">çã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o </span><span style="color: #00009a">n</span><span style="color: #00009a">ã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o se emprega neste caso, porque </span><span style="color: #9a0000">a cluster of stars </span><span style="color: #00009a">n</span><span style="color: #00009a">ã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o</span></span> <span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #00009a">apresenta uma determinada figura convencional.</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #9a0000">(2) </span><span style="color: #00009a">a palavra </span><span style="color: #00009a">parelha </span><span style="color: #00009a">pode n</span><span style="color: #00009a">ã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o ser uma tradu</span><span style="color: #00009a">çã</span><span style="color: #00009a">o exacta quando </span><span style="color: #9a0000">a team of horses</span></span> <span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #00009a">se refere a um n</span><span style="color: #00009a">ú</span><span style="color: #00009a">mero superior a dois animais.</span></span></div> How much and How many 2010-03-11T20:34:55-03:00 2010-03-11T20:34:55-03:00 https://ingles.eu.org/gramatica-inglesa/164-substantivos-nouns/1258-how-much-and-how-many Samuel S Santos <h2 style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: 12px">How much and How many</span></h2> <p style="text-align: justify"> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong>How many</strong><br /> Voc&ecirc; pode traduzir &quot;How many&quot; em Portugu&ecirc;s como &quot;Quantos&quot; ou &quot;Quantas&quot;. Esta express&atilde;o &eacute; sempre usada quando queremos perguntar uma quantidade que pode ser representada com um n&uacute;mero (1, 2, 3, etc...), ou seja, usada para substantivos no plural. Veja os exemplos:<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">How many oranges are there?</span>&nbsp;(Quantas laranjas existem?)<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">How many windows are there?</span>&nbsp;(Quantas janelas existem?)</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify"> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong>How much</strong><br /> &quot;How much&quot;, deve ser traduzido em Portugu&ecirc;s como &quot;Quanto&quot; ou &quot;Quanta&quot;. Esta quest&atilde;o &eacute; sempre utilizada quando a quantidade n&atilde;o pode ser medida exatamente ou representada por um n&uacute;mero, por este motivo os substantivos utilizados com how much devem ser aqueles incont&aacute;veis, lembra ou n&atilde;o? (Mesmo que voc&ecirc; se lembre, sugiro&nbsp;que <a href="https://www.inglescurso.edu.eu.org/gramatica-inglesa/164-substantivos-nouns/1257-many-much-a-lot-of-too-few-enough"><span style="color: #ff0000">clique aqui </span></a>para ver o artigo sobre eles que traz todo o resumo, inclusive os &quot;quantifiers&quot; corretos a ser usados para cont&aacute;veis e&nbsp;incont&aacute;veis.) As respostas v&atilde;o ser dadas de acordo com a medida do que se pede. Por exemplo, se algu&eacute;m te pergunta:<span style="color: #3366ff"> &ldquo;How much wine do you want? </span>(quanto de vinho voc&ecirc; quer?)&rdquo; voc&ecirc; pode responder: &ldquo;<span style="color: #3366ff">I&acute;d like Just a glass, please.</span> (Gostaria de apenas um copo/ta&ccedil;a, por favor)&rdquo; Observou a diferen&ccedil;a?</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify"> <span style="font-size: 12px">Com perguntas feitas com How many respondemos em n&uacute;meros, de forma exata, mas quando perguntamos com How much temos que nos referir ao recipiente, ou seja a uma unidade de medida.<br /> Mas temos ainda outro uso para How much. Veja abaixo:</span></p> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong>How much ....? </strong></span></td> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px">Substantivos incont&aacute;veis e pre&ccedil;o. Ex: <span style="color: #3366ff">How much coffee do you drink?&nbsp;</span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong>How many ....?</strong></span></td> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px">Substantivos cont&aacute;veis. Ex:&nbsp;<span style="color: #3366ff">How many cups of coffee do you drink? </span></span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p style="text-align: justify"> <span style="font-size: 12px"><br /> <strong>How much (pre&ccedil;o)</strong><br /> Sempre que queremos saber o valor, o pre&ccedil;o de algo, usamos &ldquo;how much&rdquo; para fazer essa pergunta, a&iacute; ele est&aacute; no sentido de quanto custa? Qual o valor? Exemplo: How much is this gorgeous necklace? (Quanto custa esse colar maravilhoso?)<br /> Para resumir, e fixar melhor, veja&nbsp;exemplos de frases com how many e how much e observe a diferen&ccedil;a entre eles:</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify"> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong>How many:<br /> </strong>1.&nbsp;<span style="color: #3366ff">How many umbrellas are there?</span> (Quantos sombrinhas tem?)<br /> 2.&nbsp;<span style="color: #3366ff">How many brothers and sisters do you have?</span> (Quantos irm&atilde;os e irm&atilde;s voc&ecirc; tem?)<br /> 3.&nbsp;<span style="color: #3366ff">How many kids are playing in front of your house?</span> (Quantas crian&ccedil;as est&atilde;o brincando em frente &agrave; sua casa?)</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify"> <strong><span style="font-size: 12px">How much:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12px"><br /> 1.&nbsp;<span style="color: #3366ff">How much time is left?</span> (Quanto tempo resta?)<br /> 2.&nbsp;<span style="color: #3366ff">How much water are you drinking?</span> (Quanto de &aacute;gua est&aacute; bebendo?)<br /> 3.&nbsp;<span style="color: #3366ff">How much is this car? It is not very expensive.</span> (Quanto custa esse carro? N&atilde;o &eacute; muito caro)<br /> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify"> <span style="font-size: 12px">Ficou claro?&nbsp; Voc&ecirc; tamb&eacute;m pode assistir a Nossa <a href="http://inglesgratis.net.br/aula-gratis-como-utilizar-how-many-e-how-much/" target="_blank"><strong>Aula Gr&aacute;tis sobre How Many e How Much</strong></a> para tirar todas as suas d&uacute;vidas.</span></p> <h2 style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: 12px">How much and How many</span></h2> <p style="text-align: justify"> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong>How many</strong><br /> Voc&ecirc; pode traduzir &quot;How many&quot; em Portugu&ecirc;s como &quot;Quantos&quot; ou &quot;Quantas&quot;. Esta express&atilde;o &eacute; sempre usada quando queremos perguntar uma quantidade que pode ser representada com um n&uacute;mero (1, 2, 3, etc...), ou seja, usada para substantivos no plural. Veja os exemplos:<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">How many oranges are there?</span>&nbsp;(Quantas laranjas existem?)<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">How many windows are there?</span>&nbsp;(Quantas janelas existem?)</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify"> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong>How much</strong><br /> &quot;How much&quot;, deve ser traduzido em Portugu&ecirc;s como &quot;Quanto&quot; ou &quot;Quanta&quot;. Esta quest&atilde;o &eacute; sempre utilizada quando a quantidade n&atilde;o pode ser medida exatamente ou representada por um n&uacute;mero, por este motivo os substantivos utilizados com how much devem ser aqueles incont&aacute;veis, lembra ou n&atilde;o? (Mesmo que voc&ecirc; se lembre, sugiro&nbsp;que <a href="https://www.inglescurso.edu.eu.org/gramatica-inglesa/164-substantivos-nouns/1257-many-much-a-lot-of-too-few-enough"><span style="color: #ff0000">clique aqui </span></a>para ver o artigo sobre eles que traz todo o resumo, inclusive os &quot;quantifiers&quot; corretos a ser usados para cont&aacute;veis e&nbsp;incont&aacute;veis.) As respostas v&atilde;o ser dadas de acordo com a medida do que se pede. Por exemplo, se algu&eacute;m te pergunta:<span style="color: #3366ff"> &ldquo;How much wine do you want? </span>(quanto de vinho voc&ecirc; quer?)&rdquo; voc&ecirc; pode responder: &ldquo;<span style="color: #3366ff">I&acute;d like Just a glass, please.</span> (Gostaria de apenas um copo/ta&ccedil;a, por favor)&rdquo; Observou a diferen&ccedil;a?</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify"> <span style="font-size: 12px">Com perguntas feitas com How many respondemos em n&uacute;meros, de forma exata, mas quando perguntamos com How much temos que nos referir ao recipiente, ou seja a uma unidade de medida.<br /> Mas temos ainda outro uso para How much. Veja abaixo:</span></p> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong>How much ....? </strong></span></td> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px">Substantivos incont&aacute;veis e pre&ccedil;o. Ex: <span style="color: #3366ff">How much coffee do you drink?&nbsp;</span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong>How many ....?</strong></span></td> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px">Substantivos cont&aacute;veis. Ex:&nbsp;<span style="color: #3366ff">How many cups of coffee do you drink? </span></span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p style="text-align: justify"> <span style="font-size: 12px"><br /> <strong>How much (pre&ccedil;o)</strong><br /> Sempre que queremos saber o valor, o pre&ccedil;o de algo, usamos &ldquo;how much&rdquo; para fazer essa pergunta, a&iacute; ele est&aacute; no sentido de quanto custa? Qual o valor? Exemplo: How much is this gorgeous necklace? (Quanto custa esse colar maravilhoso?)<br /> Para resumir, e fixar melhor, veja&nbsp;exemplos de frases com how many e how much e observe a diferen&ccedil;a entre eles:</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify"> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong>How many:<br /> </strong>1.&nbsp;<span style="color: #3366ff">How many umbrellas are there?</span> (Quantos sombrinhas tem?)<br /> 2.&nbsp;<span style="color: #3366ff">How many brothers and sisters do you have?</span> (Quantos irm&atilde;os e irm&atilde;s voc&ecirc; tem?)<br /> 3.&nbsp;<span style="color: #3366ff">How many kids are playing in front of your house?</span> (Quantas crian&ccedil;as est&atilde;o brincando em frente &agrave; sua casa?)</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify"> <strong><span style="font-size: 12px">How much:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12px"><br /> 1.&nbsp;<span style="color: #3366ff">How much time is left?</span> (Quanto tempo resta?)<br /> 2.&nbsp;<span style="color: #3366ff">How much water are you drinking?</span> (Quanto de &aacute;gua est&aacute; bebendo?)<br /> 3.&nbsp;<span style="color: #3366ff">How much is this car? It is not very expensive.</span> (Quanto custa esse carro? N&atilde;o &eacute; muito caro)<br /> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify"> <span style="font-size: 12px">Ficou claro?&nbsp; Voc&ecirc; tamb&eacute;m pode assistir a Nossa <a href="http://inglesgratis.net.br/aula-gratis-como-utilizar-how-many-e-how-much/" target="_blank"><strong>Aula Gr&aacute;tis sobre How Many e How Much</strong></a> para tirar todas as suas d&uacute;vidas.</span></p> Quantifiers:Many, much, a lot of, too, few...(Quantificadores) 2010-03-11T19:24:45-03:00 2010-03-11T19:24:45-03:00 https://ingles.eu.org/gramatica-inglesa/164-substantivos-nouns/1257-quantifiersmany-much-a-lot-of-too-fewquantificadores Samuel S Santos <h2 style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: 12px">Unidades de medida (Quantifiers)</span></h2> <p style="text-align: justify"> Quantifiers s&atilde;o express&otilde;es usadas para indicar e fornecer informa&ccedil;&otilde;es a respeito da quantidade de algo. Uma categoria de adjetivos, pronomes e artigos que quantificam os substantivos. Antes de prosseguirmos para os principais exemplos de quantifiers, &eacute; importante lembramos o conceito dos tipos de substantivos:</p> <p style="text-align: justify"> <strong>Countable (cont&aacute;veis)&nbsp;</strong>&nbsp;s&atilde;o aqueles substantivos que podemos contar, n&atilde;o necessitando de nenhuma unidade de medida, s&atilde;o os substantivos que tem a forma singular e plural. Veja exemplos de substantivos cont&aacute;veis: <span style="color: #3366ff">book, student, desk, apple, dog, man, woman, house, computer, notebook, lesson etc.<br /> </span>&nbsp;<br /> <strong>Uncountable (incont&aacute;veis)&nbsp;</strong>&nbsp;s&atilde;o os substantivos que n&atilde;o podemos contar, tornando-se necess&aacute;ria uma unidade de medida. Esses substantivos s&oacute; apresentam a forma singular. Exemplos: <span style="color: #3366ff">wine, milk, sugar, honey, vinegar, salt, juice, water etc.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify"> Caso Prefira, voc&ecirc; pode assistir uma <strong><a href="http://inglesgratis.net.br/?p=235" target="_blank">Aula Gr&aacute;tis Sobre Quantificadores em ingl&ecirc;s aqui</a></strong>.</p> <p style="text-align: justify"> As duas listas que seguem v&atilde;o te auxiliar muito, na identifica&ccedil;&atilde;o e uso dos quantificadores corretos. Para&nbsp;substantivos cont&aacute;veis, os quantifiers utilizados s&atilde;o os seguintes:</p> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><span style="color: #3366ff">both (of) </span></strong></span></td> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">enough </font></strong></span></td> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">some (of) </font></strong></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">every </font></strong></span></td> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">a lot (of) </font></strong></span></td> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">any (of)</font></strong></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">a, an&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </font></strong></span></td> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">quite a lot (of) </font></strong></span></td> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">the </font></strong></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">many </font></strong></span></td> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">too many </font></strong></span></td> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">several </font></strong></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">a few </font></strong></span></td> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">very few </font></strong></span></td> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">too few</font></strong></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">each </font></strong></span></td> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">none (of) </font></strong></span></td> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">no </font></strong></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">all (of) </font></strong></span></td> <td> &nbsp;</td> <td> &nbsp;</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p style="text-align: justify"> Para os substantivos incont&aacute;veis usamos:</p> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <strong><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #3366ff">enough&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></strong></td> <td> <strong><span style="font-size: 12px"><font color="#3366ff">none (of)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font></span></strong></td> <td> <strong><span style="font-size: 12px"><font color="#3366ff">no</font></span></strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <strong><span style="font-size: 12px"><font color="#3366ff">some (of)</font></span></strong></td> <td> <strong><span style="font-size: 12px"><font color="#3366ff">all (of)</font></span></strong></td> <td> <strong><span style="font-size: 12px"><font color="#3366ff">very much </font></span></strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <strong><span style="font-size: 12px"><font color="#3366ff">any (of) </font></span></strong></td> <td> <strong><span style="font-size: 12px"><font color="#3366ff">the</font></span></strong></td> <td> <strong><span style="font-size: 12px"><font color="#3366ff">much </font></span></strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <strong><span style="font-size: 12px"><font color="#3366ff">a little</font></span></strong></td> <td> <strong><span style="font-size: 12px"><font color="#3366ff">too little </font></span></strong></td> <td> <strong><span style="font-size: 12px"><font color="#3366ff">a lot (of)</font></span></strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <strong><span style="font-size: 12px"><font color="#3366ff">quite a lot (of)</font></span></strong></td> <td> &nbsp;</td> <td> &nbsp;</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p style="text-align: justify"> <span style="color: #3366ff"><br /> </span></p> <p style="text-align: center"> <span style="color: #ff0000">&ldquo;Much&rdquo;, &ldquo;Many&rdquo; e &ldquo;A Lot of&rdquo; </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify"> Os tr&ecirc;s indicam a mesma coisa: uma grande quantidade. No entanto, o uso de cada um ir&aacute; depender justamente do tipo de substantivo.</p> <p style="text-align: justify"> <strong>- &ldquo;Much&rdquo;</strong> &eacute; usado nos casos de substantivos n&atilde;o-cont&aacute;veis. <br /> Ex: How much sugar do you need? = Quanto de a&ccedil;&uacute;car voc&ecirc; precisa?</p> <p style="text-align: justify"> <strong>- &ldquo;Many&rdquo;</strong> &eacute; usado nos casos de substantives cont&aacute;veis. <br /> Ex: How many students are there? = Quantos estudantes est&atilde;o l&aacute;?</p> <p style="text-align: justify"> <strong>- &ldquo;A lot of&rdquo;</strong> &eacute; usado em ambos os casos. <br /> Ex: I have a lot of thing to do. = Eu tenho um monte de coisas pra fazer.</p> <p style="text-align: center"> <span style="color: #ff0000">&ldquo;Too&rdquo; e &ldquo;So&rdquo; </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify"> S&atilde;o usados para intensificar algo. A diferen&ccedil;a &eacute; que &ldquo;too&rdquo; d&aacute; a impress&atilde;o negativa de exagero, enquanto &ldquo;so&rdquo; indica uma grande quantidade, por&eacute;m positiva.</p> <p style="text-align: justify"> Ex: There is too much traffic in New York. = H&aacute; tr&aacute;fico demais em Nova York. <br /> I love you so much. = Eu te amo muito.</p> <p style="text-align: center"> <span style="color: #ff0000">&ldquo;Little&rdquo;, &ldquo;Few&rdquo; e &ldquo;Enough&rdquo; </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify"> Os quantifiers &ldquo;little&rdquo; e &ldquo;few&rdquo; possuem o mesmo significado: uma pequena quantidade de uma coisa. A diferen&ccedil;a entre os dois &eacute; que enquanto &ldquo;little&rdquo; se refere aos substantivos n&atilde;o-cont&aacute;veis, &ldquo;few&rdquo; se refere aos cont&aacute;veis.</p> <p style="text-align: justify"> Ex: There are a few people in theater. = H&aacute; poucas pessoas no teatro. <br /> Add a little sugar, please. = Adicione um pouco de a&ccedil;&uacute;car, por favor.</p> <p style="text-align: justify"> <strong>&ldquo;Enough&rdquo;</strong> se refere a algo suficiente, podendo ser usado tanto nos casos de substantivos cont&aacute;veis como nos incont&aacute;veis.</p> <p style="text-align: justify"> Ex: There isn&rsquo;t enough food. = Essa comida n&atilde;o &eacute; suficiente.</p> <p style="text-align: justify"> &nbsp;</p> <h2 style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: 12px">Unidades de medida (Quantifiers)</span></h2> <p style="text-align: justify"> Quantifiers s&atilde;o express&otilde;es usadas para indicar e fornecer informa&ccedil;&otilde;es a respeito da quantidade de algo. Uma categoria de adjetivos, pronomes e artigos que quantificam os substantivos. Antes de prosseguirmos para os principais exemplos de quantifiers, &eacute; importante lembramos o conceito dos tipos de substantivos:</p> <p style="text-align: justify"> <strong>Countable (cont&aacute;veis)&nbsp;</strong>&nbsp;s&atilde;o aqueles substantivos que podemos contar, n&atilde;o necessitando de nenhuma unidade de medida, s&atilde;o os substantivos que tem a forma singular e plural. Veja exemplos de substantivos cont&aacute;veis: <span style="color: #3366ff">book, student, desk, apple, dog, man, woman, house, computer, notebook, lesson etc.<br /> </span>&nbsp;<br /> <strong>Uncountable (incont&aacute;veis)&nbsp;</strong>&nbsp;s&atilde;o os substantivos que n&atilde;o podemos contar, tornando-se necess&aacute;ria uma unidade de medida. Esses substantivos s&oacute; apresentam a forma singular. Exemplos: <span style="color: #3366ff">wine, milk, sugar, honey, vinegar, salt, juice, water etc.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify"> Caso Prefira, voc&ecirc; pode assistir uma <strong><a href="http://inglesgratis.net.br/?p=235" target="_blank">Aula Gr&aacute;tis Sobre Quantificadores em ingl&ecirc;s aqui</a></strong>.</p> <p style="text-align: justify"> As duas listas que seguem v&atilde;o te auxiliar muito, na identifica&ccedil;&atilde;o e uso dos quantificadores corretos. Para&nbsp;substantivos cont&aacute;veis, os quantifiers utilizados s&atilde;o os seguintes:</p> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><span style="color: #3366ff">both (of) </span></strong></span></td> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">enough </font></strong></span></td> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">some (of) </font></strong></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">every </font></strong></span></td> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">a lot (of) </font></strong></span></td> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">any (of)</font></strong></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">a, an&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </font></strong></span></td> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">quite a lot (of) </font></strong></span></td> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">the </font></strong></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">many </font></strong></span></td> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">too many </font></strong></span></td> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">several </font></strong></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">a few </font></strong></span></td> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">very few </font></strong></span></td> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">too few</font></strong></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">each </font></strong></span></td> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">none (of) </font></strong></span></td> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">no </font></strong></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <span style="font-size: 12px"><strong><font color="#3366ff">all (of) </font></strong></span></td> <td> &nbsp;</td> <td> &nbsp;</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p style="text-align: justify"> Para os substantivos incont&aacute;veis usamos:</p> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <strong><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #3366ff">enough&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></strong></td> <td> <strong><span style="font-size: 12px"><font color="#3366ff">none (of)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font></span></strong></td> <td> <strong><span style="font-size: 12px"><font color="#3366ff">no</font></span></strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <strong><span style="font-size: 12px"><font color="#3366ff">some (of)</font></span></strong></td> <td> <strong><span style="font-size: 12px"><font color="#3366ff">all (of)</font></span></strong></td> <td> <strong><span style="font-size: 12px"><font color="#3366ff">very much </font></span></strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <strong><span style="font-size: 12px"><font color="#3366ff">any (of) </font></span></strong></td> <td> <strong><span style="font-size: 12px"><font color="#3366ff">the</font></span></strong></td> <td> <strong><span style="font-size: 12px"><font color="#3366ff">much </font></span></strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <strong><span style="font-size: 12px"><font color="#3366ff">a little</font></span></strong></td> <td> <strong><span style="font-size: 12px"><font color="#3366ff">too little </font></span></strong></td> <td> <strong><span style="font-size: 12px"><font color="#3366ff">a lot (of)</font></span></strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <strong><span style="font-size: 12px"><font color="#3366ff">quite a lot (of)</font></span></strong></td> <td> &nbsp;</td> <td> &nbsp;</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p style="text-align: justify"> <span style="color: #3366ff"><br /> </span></p> <p style="text-align: center"> <span style="color: #ff0000">&ldquo;Much&rdquo;, &ldquo;Many&rdquo; e &ldquo;A Lot of&rdquo; </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify"> Os tr&ecirc;s indicam a mesma coisa: uma grande quantidade. No entanto, o uso de cada um ir&aacute; depender justamente do tipo de substantivo.</p> <p style="text-align: justify"> <strong>- &ldquo;Much&rdquo;</strong> &eacute; usado nos casos de substantivos n&atilde;o-cont&aacute;veis. <br /> Ex: How much sugar do you need? = Quanto de a&ccedil;&uacute;car voc&ecirc; precisa?</p> <p style="text-align: justify"> <strong>- &ldquo;Many&rdquo;</strong> &eacute; usado nos casos de substantives cont&aacute;veis. <br /> Ex: How many students are there? = Quantos estudantes est&atilde;o l&aacute;?</p> <p style="text-align: justify"> <strong>- &ldquo;A lot of&rdquo;</strong> &eacute; usado em ambos os casos. <br /> Ex: I have a lot of thing to do. = Eu tenho um monte de coisas pra fazer.</p> <p style="text-align: center"> <span style="color: #ff0000">&ldquo;Too&rdquo; e &ldquo;So&rdquo; </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify"> S&atilde;o usados para intensificar algo. A diferen&ccedil;a &eacute; que &ldquo;too&rdquo; d&aacute; a impress&atilde;o negativa de exagero, enquanto &ldquo;so&rdquo; indica uma grande quantidade, por&eacute;m positiva.</p> <p style="text-align: justify"> Ex: There is too much traffic in New York. = H&aacute; tr&aacute;fico demais em Nova York. <br /> I love you so much. = Eu te amo muito.</p> <p style="text-align: center"> <span style="color: #ff0000">&ldquo;Little&rdquo;, &ldquo;Few&rdquo; e &ldquo;Enough&rdquo; </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify"> Os quantifiers &ldquo;little&rdquo; e &ldquo;few&rdquo; possuem o mesmo significado: uma pequena quantidade de uma coisa. A diferen&ccedil;a entre os dois &eacute; que enquanto &ldquo;little&rdquo; se refere aos substantivos n&atilde;o-cont&aacute;veis, &ldquo;few&rdquo; se refere aos cont&aacute;veis.</p> <p style="text-align: justify"> Ex: There are a few people in theater. = H&aacute; poucas pessoas no teatro. <br /> Add a little sugar, please. = Adicione um pouco de a&ccedil;&uacute;car, por favor.</p> <p style="text-align: justify"> <strong>&ldquo;Enough&rdquo;</strong> se refere a algo suficiente, podendo ser usado tanto nos casos de substantivos cont&aacute;veis como nos incont&aacute;veis.</p> <p style="text-align: justify"> Ex: There isn&rsquo;t enough food. = Essa comida n&atilde;o &eacute; suficiente.</p> <p style="text-align: justify"> &nbsp;</p> Some e any 2010-03-09T16:25:57-03:00 2010-03-09T16:25:57-03:00 https://ingles.eu.org/gramatica-inglesa/164-substantivos-nouns/1240-some-e-any Samuel S Santos <h3 style="text-align: center; color: red"><span style="font-size: 12px">Some e any</span></h3> <p style="text-align: justify">Some e any são determinantes. Nós os usamos antes de substantivos no plural ou incontáveis. Antes de outro determinante ou de um pronome, usamos some of e any of.&nbsp;&nbsp;Veja abaixo:</p> <p style="text-align: justify"><span style="color: #3366ff">Would you like some ice-cream?</span> (Você gostaria de um pouco de sorvete?)<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">Would you like some of this ice-cream?</span>&nbsp; (Você gostaria de um pouco deste sorvete?)</p> <p style="text-align: justify"><span style="color: #3366ff">I can't find any pencils. </span>(Não consigo encontrar nenhum lápis)<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">I can't find any of my pencils.</span>&nbsp; (Não consigo encontrar nenhum de meus lápis)<br /> <br /> <strong>*&nbsp;Importante:<br /> <br /> </strong>Some e any possuem o mesmo significado dos artigos indefinidos a/an. Eles referem-se a uma quantidade ou número indefinido. Por isso comumente são utilizados dentro da classe gramatical dos artigos indefinidos. Veja na explicação abaixo:<br /> <br /> &bull;&nbsp;Some &ndash; use somente em &ndash; Frases Afirmativas + Perguntas educadas<br /> &bull;&nbsp;Any &ndash; use somente em &ndash; Frases Negativas + Perguntas</p> <p style="text-align: justify"><span style="color: #ff0000">1- SOME:</span><br /> Um dos artigos indefinidos utilizados no PLURAL é o SOME (algo /algum /alguma /alguns /algumas /algo de). Exemplos:<br /> <br /> SOME BOOKS = alguns livros<br /> SOME PEOPLE = algumas pessoas<br /> SOME FRIENDS = alguns amigos<br /> Basicamente, este artigo é utilizado em orações AFIRMATIVAS (temos exceções mais a frente, continue lendo). <br /> <br /> Exemplos:<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">Some people never give up their dreams.</span><br /> (Algumas pessoas nunca desistem dos seus sonhos.)<br /> <br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">There are some over there.<br /> </span>(Há algumas logo ali.)<br /> <br /> Em alguns casos, quando estiver junto com um substantivo incontável, uma boa tradução para &rsquo;some&rsquo; pode ser &lsquo;um pouco de&rsquo;.<br /> <br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">I drank some wine at the party yesterday.</span><br /> (Eu bebi um pouco de vinho na festa ontem.)<br /> <br /> Use &rsquo;some&rsquo; em Perguntas educadas, isto é, aquelas em que você deseja ou precisa ser mais formal. Você deve fazer isso quando for pedir ou oferecer algo a alguém, já que &lsquo;any&rsquo; apresenta&nbsp; carga negativa.<br /> Então, usar &lsquo;any&rsquo; em uma pergunta para oferecer algo a alguém não é muito educado. É como em português disséssemos: &ldquo;Você não aceita um cafezinho não?&rdquo;<br /> Ao usar o &lsquo;não&rsquo; na pergunta, você está induzindo a pessoa a não aceitar. Da mesma forma, não use &lsquo;any&rsquo; na pergunta para pedir ou oferecer algo a alguém. Use &rsquo;some&rsquo;:<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">Would you like some juice? </span>(Gostaria de um suco?)<br /> <br /> <span style="color: #ff0000">2- ANY:</span><br /> Para construir orações INTERROGATIVAS ou NEGATIVAS, usamos ANY onde ele pode significar nenhum ou nenhuma: Exemplos:<br /> <br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">I don&rsquo;t have any friends in Australia.<br /> </span>(Eu não tenho nenhum amigo na Austrália.)<br /> <br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">There aren&rsquo;t any pens here.</span><br /> (Não há nenhuma caneta aqui.)<br /> <br /> Any pode significar qualquer. Nesse caso, geralmente, é enfatizado na fala. Exemplos:<br /> <br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">She is so elegant that any jeans will surely look good on her.</span><br /> (Ela é tão elegante que qualquer calça jeans certamente ficará bonita nela.)<br /> <br /> Nas perguntas, significa algum, alguma, alguns, algumas. Muitas vezes, em português, simplesmente não usaríamos nenhum pronome nesses casos, ou, outras vezes, usaríamos o singular. Portanto, procure acostumar-se a usar &lsquo;any&rsquo; em interrogações em inglês e a adaptar a tradução, caso seja necessária. Exemplos:<br /> <br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">Do you have any brothers and sisters?</span><br /> (Você tem (alguns) irmãos e irmãs?)<br /> <br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">Are there any good restaurants near here?</span><br /> (Há algum bom restaurante aqui perto) ou ainda: Há (alguns) bons restaurantes aqui perto?)</p> <p style="text-align: justify"><span style="color: #ff0000"><strong>Obs: </strong></span>Any ainda pode ser usado no sentido de qualquer, qualquer um, qualquer uma. Exemplo:<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">Any place is fine for me. </span>(Qualquer lugar está bom para mim.)<br /> <br /> <span style="color: #ff0000">Resumindo...</span><br /> Vamos recapitular o que vimos sobre &ldquo;some&rdquo; e &ldquo;any&rdquo; de forma rápida e resumida, reforçando seus usos com exemplos:<br /> &nbsp;<br /> <strong>SOME</strong><br /> Deve ser utilizado em (1) frases afirmativas, (2) frases interrogativas que expressem um pedido, convite, oferecimento. Exemplos:</p> <p style="text-align: justify"><span style="color: #3366ff">I bought SOME books yesterday. </span>(Eu comprei ALGUNS livros ontem)<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">He had SOME problems at his job. </span>(Ele teve ALGUNS problemas no trabalho)<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">We bought SOME toys for the kids. </span>(Nós compramos ALGUNS brinquedos para as crianças)<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">They discovered SOME objects in the cave.</span> (Eles descobriram ALGUNS objetos na caverna)<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">Can you carry SOME of these bottles for me?</span> (Você pode carregar ALGUMAS destas garrafas para mim?)<br /> <br /> <strong>ANY</strong><br /> Deve ser utilizado em (1) frases interrogativas (como &ldquo;algum(a)(s)&rdquo;), (2) frases negativas (como &ldquo;nenhum(a)(s)&rdquo;) e (3) frases afirmativas (como &ldquo;qualquer, quaisquer&rdquo;).</p> <p style="text-align: justify"><span style="color: #3366ff">Did you buy ANY books yesterday?</span> (Você comprou ALGUNS livros ontem?)<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">Do you have ANY idea?</span> (Você tem ALGUMA ideia?)<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">I didn&rsquo;t buy ANY books yesterday. </span>Eu não comprei NENHUM livro ontem)<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">We don&rsquo;t want to choose ANY candidates today. </span>(Nós não queremos escolher NENHUM candidate hoje)<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">He hasn&rsquo;t ANY friends.</span> (Ele não tem NENHUM amigo)<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">ANY book is good. </span>(QUALQUER livro é bom)<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">Come at ANY time. </span>(Venha em QUALQUER hora)<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">You can pick up ANY car. </span>(Você pode escolher QUALQUER carro)</p> <h3 style="text-align: center; color: red"><span style="font-size: 12px">Some e any</span></h3> <p style="text-align: justify">Some e any são determinantes. Nós os usamos antes de substantivos no plural ou incontáveis. Antes de outro determinante ou de um pronome, usamos some of e any of.&nbsp;&nbsp;Veja abaixo:</p> <p style="text-align: justify"><span style="color: #3366ff">Would you like some ice-cream?</span> (Você gostaria de um pouco de sorvete?)<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">Would you like some of this ice-cream?</span>&nbsp; (Você gostaria de um pouco deste sorvete?)</p> <p style="text-align: justify"><span style="color: #3366ff">I can't find any pencils. </span>(Não consigo encontrar nenhum lápis)<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">I can't find any of my pencils.</span>&nbsp; (Não consigo encontrar nenhum de meus lápis)<br /> <br /> <strong>*&nbsp;Importante:<br /> <br /> </strong>Some e any possuem o mesmo significado dos artigos indefinidos a/an. Eles referem-se a uma quantidade ou número indefinido. Por isso comumente são utilizados dentro da classe gramatical dos artigos indefinidos. Veja na explicação abaixo:<br /> <br /> &bull;&nbsp;Some &ndash; use somente em &ndash; Frases Afirmativas + Perguntas educadas<br /> &bull;&nbsp;Any &ndash; use somente em &ndash; Frases Negativas + Perguntas</p> <p style="text-align: justify"><span style="color: #ff0000">1- SOME:</span><br /> Um dos artigos indefinidos utilizados no PLURAL é o SOME (algo /algum /alguma /alguns /algumas /algo de). Exemplos:<br /> <br /> SOME BOOKS = alguns livros<br /> SOME PEOPLE = algumas pessoas<br /> SOME FRIENDS = alguns amigos<br /> Basicamente, este artigo é utilizado em orações AFIRMATIVAS (temos exceções mais a frente, continue lendo). <br /> <br /> Exemplos:<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">Some people never give up their dreams.</span><br /> (Algumas pessoas nunca desistem dos seus sonhos.)<br /> <br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">There are some over there.<br /> </span>(Há algumas logo ali.)<br /> <br /> Em alguns casos, quando estiver junto com um substantivo incontável, uma boa tradução para &rsquo;some&rsquo; pode ser &lsquo;um pouco de&rsquo;.<br /> <br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">I drank some wine at the party yesterday.</span><br /> (Eu bebi um pouco de vinho na festa ontem.)<br /> <br /> Use &rsquo;some&rsquo; em Perguntas educadas, isto é, aquelas em que você deseja ou precisa ser mais formal. Você deve fazer isso quando for pedir ou oferecer algo a alguém, já que &lsquo;any&rsquo; apresenta&nbsp; carga negativa.<br /> Então, usar &lsquo;any&rsquo; em uma pergunta para oferecer algo a alguém não é muito educado. É como em português disséssemos: &ldquo;Você não aceita um cafezinho não?&rdquo;<br /> Ao usar o &lsquo;não&rsquo; na pergunta, você está induzindo a pessoa a não aceitar. Da mesma forma, não use &lsquo;any&rsquo; na pergunta para pedir ou oferecer algo a alguém. Use &rsquo;some&rsquo;:<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">Would you like some juice? </span>(Gostaria de um suco?)<br /> <br /> <span style="color: #ff0000">2- ANY:</span><br /> Para construir orações INTERROGATIVAS ou NEGATIVAS, usamos ANY onde ele pode significar nenhum ou nenhuma: Exemplos:<br /> <br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">I don&rsquo;t have any friends in Australia.<br /> </span>(Eu não tenho nenhum amigo na Austrália.)<br /> <br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">There aren&rsquo;t any pens here.</span><br /> (Não há nenhuma caneta aqui.)<br /> <br /> Any pode significar qualquer. Nesse caso, geralmente, é enfatizado na fala. Exemplos:<br /> <br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">She is so elegant that any jeans will surely look good on her.</span><br /> (Ela é tão elegante que qualquer calça jeans certamente ficará bonita nela.)<br /> <br /> Nas perguntas, significa algum, alguma, alguns, algumas. Muitas vezes, em português, simplesmente não usaríamos nenhum pronome nesses casos, ou, outras vezes, usaríamos o singular. Portanto, procure acostumar-se a usar &lsquo;any&rsquo; em interrogações em inglês e a adaptar a tradução, caso seja necessária. Exemplos:<br /> <br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">Do you have any brothers and sisters?</span><br /> (Você tem (alguns) irmãos e irmãs?)<br /> <br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">Are there any good restaurants near here?</span><br /> (Há algum bom restaurante aqui perto) ou ainda: Há (alguns) bons restaurantes aqui perto?)</p> <p style="text-align: justify"><span style="color: #ff0000"><strong>Obs: </strong></span>Any ainda pode ser usado no sentido de qualquer, qualquer um, qualquer uma. Exemplo:<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">Any place is fine for me. </span>(Qualquer lugar está bom para mim.)<br /> <br /> <span style="color: #ff0000">Resumindo...</span><br /> Vamos recapitular o que vimos sobre &ldquo;some&rdquo; e &ldquo;any&rdquo; de forma rápida e resumida, reforçando seus usos com exemplos:<br /> &nbsp;<br /> <strong>SOME</strong><br /> Deve ser utilizado em (1) frases afirmativas, (2) frases interrogativas que expressem um pedido, convite, oferecimento. Exemplos:</p> <p style="text-align: justify"><span style="color: #3366ff">I bought SOME books yesterday. </span>(Eu comprei ALGUNS livros ontem)<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">He had SOME problems at his job. </span>(Ele teve ALGUNS problemas no trabalho)<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">We bought SOME toys for the kids. </span>(Nós compramos ALGUNS brinquedos para as crianças)<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">They discovered SOME objects in the cave.</span> (Eles descobriram ALGUNS objetos na caverna)<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">Can you carry SOME of these bottles for me?</span> (Você pode carregar ALGUMAS destas garrafas para mim?)<br /> <br /> <strong>ANY</strong><br /> Deve ser utilizado em (1) frases interrogativas (como &ldquo;algum(a)(s)&rdquo;), (2) frases negativas (como &ldquo;nenhum(a)(s)&rdquo;) e (3) frases afirmativas (como &ldquo;qualquer, quaisquer&rdquo;).</p> <p style="text-align: justify"><span style="color: #3366ff">Did you buy ANY books yesterday?</span> (Você comprou ALGUNS livros ontem?)<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">Do you have ANY idea?</span> (Você tem ALGUMA ideia?)<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">I didn&rsquo;t buy ANY books yesterday. </span>Eu não comprei NENHUM livro ontem)<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">We don&rsquo;t want to choose ANY candidates today. </span>(Nós não queremos escolher NENHUM candidate hoje)<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">He hasn&rsquo;t ANY friends.</span> (Ele não tem NENHUM amigo)<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">ANY book is good. </span>(QUALQUER livro é bom)<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">Come at ANY time. </span>(Venha em QUALQUER hora)<br /> <span style="color: #3366ff">You can pick up ANY car. </span>(Você pode escolher QUALQUER carro)</p> Lista de substantivos no plural (Regras e exemplos) 2010-02-24T18:43:25-03:00 2010-02-24T18:43:25-03:00 https://ingles.eu.org/gramatica-inglesa/164-substantivos-nouns/1232-lista-de-substantivos-no-plural-regras-e-exemplos Samuel S Santos <h3 style="text-align: center; color: red"><span style="font-size: 12px">Lista de substantivos no plural (Regras e exemplos)</span></h3> <p style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">1. A regra geral para a formação do plural é acrescentar um <b>-S </b>ao singular:</span></span></p> <p> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="35%" style="width: 35%"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="59" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 44.25pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">book<br /> girl<br /> day <br /> table </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="57" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 42.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">livro<br /> garota<br /> dia<br /> mesa </span></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="60" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 45pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">books<br /> girls<br /> days <br /> tables </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="76" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 57pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">livros<br /> garotas<br /> dias<br /> mesas </span></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <br /> &nbsp;</p> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">2. Os substantivos terminados em <b>-o</b>, <b>-ch</b>, <b>-sh</b>, <b>-ss</b>, <b>-x</b> e<b> -z </b>formam o plural acrescentando-se o sufixo <b>-es</b>:<br /> <br /> </span></span></div> <p> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="46%" style="width: 46%"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="75" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 56.25pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">hero<br /> tomato<br /> church <br /> watch<br /> brush<br /> wish<br /> glass<br /> box<br /> buzz<br /> topaz </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="68" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 51pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">herói<br /> tomate<br /> igreja<br /> relógio<br /> pincel <br /> desejo<br /> copo<br /> caixa<br /> zumbido<br /> topázio </span></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="86" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 64.5pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">heroes<br /> tomatoes <br /> churches<br /> watches<br /> brushes<br /> wishes<br /> glasses<br /> boxes<br /> buzzes <br /> topazes </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="97" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 72.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">heróis<br /> tomates<br /> igrejas<br /> relógios<br /> pincéis <br /> desejos<br /> copos<br /> caixas<br /> zumbidos<br /> topázios </span></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </p> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="font-size: 12px">&nbsp;</span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">3. Palavras estrangeiras ou formas abreviadas em <b>-o</b> fazem o plural em<b> -s</b></span></span></div> <p> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="279" style="width: 209.25pt"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="120" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 90pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">cello<br /> dynamo<br /> ghetto<br /> kilo <br /> libretto<br /> magneto<br /> piano<br /> photo<br /> portfolio<br /> radio<br /> solo <br /> soprano<br /> tango </span></b><span style="color: #414b56"><br /> <b>virtuoso </b></span></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="103" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 77.25pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">violoncelo dínamo<br /> gueto<br /> quilo<br /> libreto<br /> magneto <br /> piano<br /> foto<br /> pasta<br /> rádio<br /> solo<br /> soprano<br /> tango <br /> virtuoso </span></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="114" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 85.5pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">cellos<br /> dynamos<br /> ghettos <br /> kilos<br /> librettos<br /> magnetos<br /> pianos<br /> photos<br /> portfolios <br /> radios<br /> solos<br /> sopranos<br /> tangos </span></b><span style="color: #414b56"><br /> <b>virtuosos </b></span></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="117" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 87.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">violoncelos dínamos<br /> guetos<br /> quilos<br /> libretos <br /> magnetos<br /> pianos<br /> fotos<br /> pastas<br /> rádios<br /> solos<br /> sopranos <br /> tangos<br /> virtuosos </span></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </p> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">4. Os substantivos terminados em <b>-y</b>, precedidos de consoante, perdem o <b>-y</b> e recebem <b>-ies</b>: </span></span></div> <p> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="40%" style="width: 40%"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="70" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 52.5pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">country<br /> family<br /> fly<br /> lady <br /> story</span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="59" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 44.25pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">país<br /> família<br /> mosca<br /> senhora<br /> história </span></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="79" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 59.25pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">countries<br /> families<br /> flies <br /> ladies<br /> stories</span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="77" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 57.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">países<br /> famílias<br /> moscas<br /> senhoras<br /> histórias </span></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </p> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56"><br /> 5. Os substantivos abaixo terminados em <b>-f</b> ou <b>-fe</b> perdem essas letras e recebem <b>-ves </b><br /> <br /> </span></span></div> <p> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="49%" style="width: 49%"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="20%" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 20%; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">calf<br /> elf<br /> half<br /> knife <br /> leaf<br /> life<br /> loaf<br /> self<br /> <br /> sheaf<br /> shelf<br /> thief<br /> wife <br /> wolf </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="22%" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 22%; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">bezerro<br /> elfo<br /> metade<br /> faca<br /> folha<br /> vida <br /> pão<br /> a própria<br /> pessoa<br /> feixe<br /> estante<br /> ladrão<br /> esposa <br /> lobo </span></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="26%" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 26%; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">calves<br /> elves<br /> halves <br /> knives<br /> leaves<br /> lives<br /> loaves<br /> selves <br /> <br /> sheaves <br /> shelves<br /> thieves<br /> wives<br /> wolves </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="107" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 80.25pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">bezerro<br /> elfos<br /> metades<br /> facas<br /> folhas<br /> vidas <br /> pães<br /> as próprias<br /> pessoas<br /> feixes<br /> estantes<br /> ladrões <br /> esposas<br /> lobos </span></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </p> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56"><br /> 6. Todos os demais substantivos terminados em<b> -f </b>ou <b>-fe</b> fazem o plural em <b>-s</b>: <br /> <br /> </span></span></div> <p> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="41%" style="width: 41%"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="66" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 49.5pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">chief<br /> cliff<br /> roof<br /> fife <br /> strife </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="73" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 54.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">chefe<br /> penhasco<br /> telhado<br /> pífaro<br /> briga </span></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="76" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 57pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">chiefs<br /> cliffs<br /> roofs<br /> fifes <br /> strifes </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="78" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 58.5pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">chefes<br /> penhascos<br /> telhados<br /> pífaros<br /> brigas </span></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </p> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56"><br /> 7. Alguns substantivos passam por mudanças de vários tipos:<br /> <br /> </span></span></div> <p> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="55%" style="width: 55%"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="86" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 64.5pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">child<br /> ox<br /> foot<br /> goose <br /> tooth<br /> gentleman<br /> man<br /> woman<br /> louse<br /> mouse </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="92" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 69pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">criança<br /> boi<br /> pé<br /> ganso<br /> dente<br /> cavalheiro<br /> homem <br /> mulher<br /> piolho<br /> camundongo </span></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="100" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">children<br /> oxen<br /> feet<br /> geese <br /> teeth<br /> gentlemen<br /> men<br /> women<br /> lice<br /> mice </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="116" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 87pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">crianças<br /> bois<br /> pés<br /> gansos<br /> dentes<br /> cavalheiros <br /> homens<br /> mulheres<br /> piolhos<br /> camundongos </span></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </p> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56"><br /> 8. Com substantivos compostos, pluralizamos o seu componente principal: <br /> <br /> </span></span></div> <p> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="59%" style="width: 59%"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="113" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 84.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">brother-in-law<br /> errand-boy <br /> godfather<br /> maidservant<br /> stepdaughter </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="84" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 63pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">cunhado<br /> mensageiro<br /> padrinho<br /> criada<br /> enteada </span></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="125" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 93.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">brothers-in-law<br /> errand-boys <br /> godfathers<br /> maidservants<br /> stepdaughters </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="104" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 78pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">cunhados<br /> mensageiros<br /> padrinhos<br /> criadas<br /> enteadas </span></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </p> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56"><br /> 9. Substantivos de origem estrangeira (gregos ou latinos) mantêm seus plurais originais:<br /> <br /> </span></span></div> <p> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="55%" style="width: 55%"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="102" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 76.5pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">alumnus<br /> analysis<br /> axis <br /> bacillus<br /> bacterium<br /> basis<br /> crisis<br /> criterion<br /> datum <br /> erratum<br /> hypothesis<br /> oasis<br /> phenomenon<br /> radius<br /> stratum </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="85" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 63.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">ex-aluno<br /> análise<br /> eixo<br /> bacilo<br /> bactéria<br /> base <br /> crise<br /> critério<br /> dado<br /> errata<br /> hipótese<br /> oásis<br /> fenômeno <br /> raio<br /> estrato </span></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="113" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 84.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">alumni<br /> analyses<br /> axes <br /> bacilli<br /> bacteria<br /> bases<br /> crises<br /> criteria<br /> data<br /> errata <br /> hipotheses<br /> oases<br /> phenomena<br /> radii<br /> strata </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="97" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 72.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">ex-alunos<br /> análises<br /> eixos<br /> bacilos<br /> bactérias <br /> bases<br /> crises<br /> critérios<br /> dados<br /> erratas<br /> hipóteses<br /> oásis <br /> fenômenos<br /> raios<br /> estratos </span></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </p> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56"><br /> Há, porém, uma tendência em pluralizar palavras de origem estrangeira com o plural inglês: <br /> <br /> </span></span></div> <p> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="60%" style="width: 60%"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="108" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 81pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">dogma<br /> bureau<br /> <br /> stadium <br /> terminus<br /> memorandum </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="92" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 69pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">dogma<br /> escritório<br /> comercial<br /> estádio<br /> término <br /> memorando </span></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="115" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 86.25pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">dogmas<br /> bureaus<br /> <br /> stadiums <br /> terminuses<br /> memorandums</span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="114" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 85.5pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">dogmas<br /> escritórios<br /> comerciais<br /> estádios<br /> términos <br /> memorandos </span></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </p> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56"><br /> 10. Alguns substantivos apresentam a mesma forma para o singular e o plural:<br /> <br /> </span></span></div> <p> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="36%" style="width: 36%"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="94" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 70.5pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">deer<br /> grouse<br /> sheep<br /> species <br /> fish*<br /> salmon<br /> series<br /> trout </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="163" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 122.25pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">veado(s)<br /> galinha(s) silvestre(s)<br /> carneiro(s) <br /> espécie(s)<br /> peixe(s)<br /> salmão(ões)<br /> série(s)<br /> truta(s) </span></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </p> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56"><br /> * admite também o plural <b>fishes</b>. </span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">11. Alguns substantivos, por conter a idéia de um grande número ou porque indicam que a entidade é composta de duas partes iguais, são somente usados no plural: </span></span></div> <p> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="34%" style="width: 34%"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="96" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 72pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">binoculars<br /> cattle<br /> glasses <br /> jeans<br /> knickers<br /> leggings<br /> pajamas<br /> pants<br /> pliers<br /> pincers <br /> police<br /> scales<br /> scissors<br /> shorts<br /> tights<br /> tongs<br /> trousers </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="153" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 114.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">binóculo<br /> gado<br /> óculos<br /> jeans<br /> calções<br /> fusô <br /> pijama<br /> calça<br /> alicate<br /> pinça<br /> polícia<br /> balança<br /> tesoura <br /> calção<br /> meia-calça<br /> tenaz<br /> calça</span></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </p> <p style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</p> <h3 style="text-align: center; color: red"><span style="font-size: 12px">Lista de substantivos no plural (Regras e exemplos)</span></h3> <p style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">1. A regra geral para a formação do plural é acrescentar um <b>-S </b>ao singular:</span></span></p> <p> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="35%" style="width: 35%"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="59" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 44.25pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">book<br /> girl<br /> day <br /> table </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="57" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 42.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">livro<br /> garota<br /> dia<br /> mesa </span></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="60" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 45pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">books<br /> girls<br /> days <br /> tables </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="76" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 57pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">livros<br /> garotas<br /> dias<br /> mesas </span></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <br /> &nbsp;</p> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">2. Os substantivos terminados em <b>-o</b>, <b>-ch</b>, <b>-sh</b>, <b>-ss</b>, <b>-x</b> e<b> -z </b>formam o plural acrescentando-se o sufixo <b>-es</b>:<br /> <br /> </span></span></div> <p> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="46%" style="width: 46%"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="75" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 56.25pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">hero<br /> tomato<br /> church <br /> watch<br /> brush<br /> wish<br /> glass<br /> box<br /> buzz<br /> topaz </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="68" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 51pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">herói<br /> tomate<br /> igreja<br /> relógio<br /> pincel <br /> desejo<br /> copo<br /> caixa<br /> zumbido<br /> topázio </span></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="86" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 64.5pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">heroes<br /> tomatoes <br /> churches<br /> watches<br /> brushes<br /> wishes<br /> glasses<br /> boxes<br /> buzzes <br /> topazes </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="97" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 72.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">heróis<br /> tomates<br /> igrejas<br /> relógios<br /> pincéis <br /> desejos<br /> copos<br /> caixas<br /> zumbidos<br /> topázios </span></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </p> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt"><span style="font-size: 12px">&nbsp;</span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">3. Palavras estrangeiras ou formas abreviadas em <b>-o</b> fazem o plural em<b> -s</b></span></span></div> <p> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="279" style="width: 209.25pt"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="120" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 90pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">cello<br /> dynamo<br /> ghetto<br /> kilo <br /> libretto<br /> magneto<br /> piano<br /> photo<br /> portfolio<br /> radio<br /> solo <br /> soprano<br /> tango </span></b><span style="color: #414b56"><br /> <b>virtuoso </b></span></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="103" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 77.25pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">violoncelo dínamo<br /> gueto<br /> quilo<br /> libreto<br /> magneto <br /> piano<br /> foto<br /> pasta<br /> rádio<br /> solo<br /> soprano<br /> tango <br /> virtuoso </span></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="114" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 85.5pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">cellos<br /> dynamos<br /> ghettos <br /> kilos<br /> librettos<br /> magnetos<br /> pianos<br /> photos<br /> portfolios <br /> radios<br /> solos<br /> sopranos<br /> tangos </span></b><span style="color: #414b56"><br /> <b>virtuosos </b></span></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="117" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 87.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">violoncelos dínamos<br /> guetos<br /> quilos<br /> libretos <br /> magnetos<br /> pianos<br /> fotos<br /> pastas<br /> rádios<br /> solos<br /> sopranos <br /> tangos<br /> virtuosos </span></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </p> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">4. Os substantivos terminados em <b>-y</b>, precedidos de consoante, perdem o <b>-y</b> e recebem <b>-ies</b>: </span></span></div> <p> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="40%" style="width: 40%"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="70" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 52.5pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">country<br /> family<br /> fly<br /> lady <br /> story</span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="59" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 44.25pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">país<br /> família<br /> mosca<br /> senhora<br /> história </span></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="79" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 59.25pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">countries<br /> families<br /> flies <br /> ladies<br /> stories</span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="77" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 57.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">países<br /> famílias<br /> moscas<br /> senhoras<br /> histórias </span></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </p> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56"><br /> 5. Os substantivos abaixo terminados em <b>-f</b> ou <b>-fe</b> perdem essas letras e recebem <b>-ves </b><br /> <br /> </span></span></div> <p> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="49%" style="width: 49%"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="20%" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 20%; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">calf<br /> elf<br /> half<br /> knife <br /> leaf<br /> life<br /> loaf<br /> self<br /> <br /> sheaf<br /> shelf<br /> thief<br /> wife <br /> wolf </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="22%" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 22%; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">bezerro<br /> elfo<br /> metade<br /> faca<br /> folha<br /> vida <br /> pão<br /> a própria<br /> pessoa<br /> feixe<br /> estante<br /> ladrão<br /> esposa <br /> lobo </span></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="26%" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 26%; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">calves<br /> elves<br /> halves <br /> knives<br /> leaves<br /> lives<br /> loaves<br /> selves <br /> <br /> sheaves <br /> shelves<br /> thieves<br /> wives<br /> wolves </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="107" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 80.25pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">bezerro<br /> elfos<br /> metades<br /> facas<br /> folhas<br /> vidas <br /> pães<br /> as próprias<br /> pessoas<br /> feixes<br /> estantes<br /> ladrões <br /> esposas<br /> lobos </span></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </p> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56"><br /> 6. Todos os demais substantivos terminados em<b> -f </b>ou <b>-fe</b> fazem o plural em <b>-s</b>: <br /> <br /> </span></span></div> <p> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="41%" style="width: 41%"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="66" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 49.5pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">chief<br /> cliff<br /> roof<br /> fife <br /> strife </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="73" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 54.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">chefe<br /> penhasco<br /> telhado<br /> pífaro<br /> briga </span></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="76" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 57pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">chiefs<br /> cliffs<br /> roofs<br /> fifes <br /> strifes </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="78" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 58.5pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">chefes<br /> penhascos<br /> telhados<br /> pífaros<br /> brigas </span></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </p> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56"><br /> 7. Alguns substantivos passam por mudanças de vários tipos:<br /> <br /> </span></span></div> <p> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="55%" style="width: 55%"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="86" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 64.5pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">child<br /> ox<br /> foot<br /> goose <br /> tooth<br /> gentleman<br /> man<br /> woman<br /> louse<br /> mouse </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="92" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 69pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">criança<br /> boi<br /> pé<br /> ganso<br /> dente<br /> cavalheiro<br /> homem <br /> mulher<br /> piolho<br /> camundongo </span></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="100" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">children<br /> oxen<br /> feet<br /> geese <br /> teeth<br /> gentlemen<br /> men<br /> women<br /> lice<br /> mice </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="116" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 87pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">crianças<br /> bois<br /> pés<br /> gansos<br /> dentes<br /> cavalheiros <br /> homens<br /> mulheres<br /> piolhos<br /> camundongos </span></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </p> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56"><br /> 8. Com substantivos compostos, pluralizamos o seu componente principal: <br /> <br /> </span></span></div> <p> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="59%" style="width: 59%"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="113" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 84.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">brother-in-law<br /> errand-boy <br /> godfather<br /> maidservant<br /> stepdaughter </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="84" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 63pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">cunhado<br /> mensageiro<br /> padrinho<br /> criada<br /> enteada </span></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="125" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 93.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">brothers-in-law<br /> errand-boys <br /> godfathers<br /> maidservants<br /> stepdaughters </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="104" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 78pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">cunhados<br /> mensageiros<br /> padrinhos<br /> criadas<br /> enteadas </span></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </p> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56"><br /> 9. Substantivos de origem estrangeira (gregos ou latinos) mantêm seus plurais originais:<br /> <br /> </span></span></div> <p> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="55%" style="width: 55%"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="102" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 76.5pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">alumnus<br /> analysis<br /> axis <br /> bacillus<br /> bacterium<br /> basis<br /> crisis<br /> criterion<br /> datum <br /> erratum<br /> hypothesis<br /> oasis<br /> phenomenon<br /> radius<br /> stratum </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="85" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 63.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">ex-aluno<br /> análise<br /> eixo<br /> bacilo<br /> bactéria<br /> base <br /> crise<br /> critério<br /> dado<br /> errata<br /> hipótese<br /> oásis<br /> fenômeno <br /> raio<br /> estrato </span></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="113" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 84.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">alumni<br /> analyses<br /> axes <br /> bacilli<br /> bacteria<br /> bases<br /> crises<br /> criteria<br /> data<br /> errata <br /> hipotheses<br /> oases<br /> phenomena<br /> radii<br /> strata </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="97" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 72.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">ex-alunos<br /> análises<br /> eixos<br /> bacilos<br /> bactérias <br /> bases<br /> crises<br /> critérios<br /> dados<br /> erratas<br /> hipóteses<br /> oásis <br /> fenômenos<br /> raios<br /> estratos </span></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </p> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56"><br /> Há, porém, uma tendência em pluralizar palavras de origem estrangeira com o plural inglês: <br /> <br /> </span></span></div> <p> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="60%" style="width: 60%"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="108" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 81pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">dogma<br /> bureau<br /> <br /> stadium <br /> terminus<br /> memorandum </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="92" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 69pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">dogma<br /> escritório<br /> comercial<br /> estádio<br /> término <br /> memorando </span></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="115" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 86.25pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">dogmas<br /> bureaus<br /> <br /> stadiums <br /> terminuses<br /> memorandums</span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="114" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 85.5pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">dogmas<br /> escritórios<br /> comerciais<br /> estádios<br /> términos <br /> memorandos </span></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </p> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56"><br /> 10. Alguns substantivos apresentam a mesma forma para o singular e o plural:<br /> <br /> </span></span></div> <p> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="36%" style="width: 36%"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="94" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 70.5pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">deer<br /> grouse<br /> sheep<br /> species <br /> fish*<br /> salmon<br /> series<br /> trout </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="163" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 122.25pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">veado(s)<br /> galinha(s) silvestre(s)<br /> carneiro(s) <br /> espécie(s)<br /> peixe(s)<br /> salmão(ões)<br /> série(s)<br /> truta(s) </span></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </p> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56"><br /> * admite também o plural <b>fishes</b>. </span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">11. Alguns substantivos, por conter a idéia de um grande número ou porque indicam que a entidade é composta de duas partes iguais, são somente usados no plural: </span></span></div> <p> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="34%" style="width: 34%"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="96" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 72pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b><span style="color: #414b56">binoculars<br /> cattle<br /> glasses <br /> jeans<br /> knickers<br /> leggings<br /> pajamas<br /> pants<br /> pliers<br /> pincers <br /> police<br /> scales<br /> scissors<br /> shorts<br /> tights<br /> tongs<br /> trousers </span></b></span></div> </td> <td valign="top" width="153" style="border-bottom: #e0dfe3; border-left: #e0dfe3; padding-bottom: 0.75pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 0.75pt; width: 114.75pt; padding-right: 0.75pt; border-top: #e0dfe3; border-right: #e0dfe3; padding-top: 0.75pt"> <div style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: #414b56">binóculo<br /> gado<br /> óculos<br /> jeans<br /> calções<br /> fusô <br /> pijama<br /> calça<br /> alicate<br /> pinça<br /> polícia<br /> balança<br /> tesoura <br /> calção<br /> meia-calça<br /> tenaz<br /> calça</span></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </p> <p style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</p> Regras para plural dos substantivos em Inglês 2010-02-24T18:34:34-03:00 2010-02-24T18:34:34-03:00 https://ingles.eu.org/gramatica-inglesa/164-substantivos-nouns/1231-regras-para-plural-dos-substantivos-em-ingles Samuel S Santos <h3 style="text-align: center; color: red"><span style="font-size: 12px">Regras para plural dos substantivos em Inglês</span></h3> <p style="text-align: justify">Existem quatro regras para a formação do plural em inglês;<br /> Para formar o plural, temos duas alternativas: acrescentamos S ou ES às palavras;<br /> Para saber se acrescentamos S ou ES, depende da terminação da palavra.<br /> <br /> <span style="color: #ff0000">Regra 01 (terminações CH, SH, SS, X, O, Z ou S</span><br /> Com as terminações CH, SH, SS, X, O, Z ou S, acrescenta-se ES. Exemplos:<br /> singular = plural<br /> church = chuches (igreja, igrejas);<br /> wish = wishes (desejo, desejos);<br /> glass = glasses (copo, copos);<br /> box = boxes (caixa, caixas);<br /> tomato = tomatoes (tomate, tomates);<br /> topaz = topazes (topázio, topázios);<br /> bus = buses (ônibus, ônibus).<br /> <br /> <span style="color: #ff0000">Regra 02: (terminação Y)</span><br /> Palavras terminadas em Y:<br /> a) precedido de vogal = apenas acrescentamos S. Exemplos:<br /> singular = plural<br /> boy = boys (menino, meninos)<br /> toy = toys (brinquedo, brinquedos)<br /> b) precedido de consoante = troca-se o Y por I, e acrescentamos ES. Exemplos:<br /> singular = plural<br /> baby = babies (bebê, bebês);<br /> lady = ladies (senhora, senhoras);<br /> study = studies (estudo, estudos).<br /> <br /> <span style="color: #ff0000">Regra 03: (terminações F ou FE)</span><br /> Palavras terminados em F ou FE = trocamos a terminação F ou FE por VES. Exemplos:<br /> singular = plural<br /> leaf = leaves (folha, folhas);<br /> life = lives (vida, vidas).<br /> <br /> <span style="color: #ff0000">Regra 04: (outras terminações)<br /> </span>Se não houver nenhuma das terminações citadas nas regras 01 a 03, acrescentamos S. Exemplos:<br /> singular = plural<br /> book = books (livro, livros);<br /> hand = hands (mão, mãos);<br /> wall = walls (parede, paredes; muro, muros).<br /> Plurais irregulares<br /> Existem palavras cujos plurais são irregulares. Exemplos:<br /> singular = plural<br /> mouse = mice (camundongo, camundongos);<br /> dormouse = dormice (arganaz, arganazes);<br /> louse = lice (piolho, piolhos);<br /> man = men (homem, homens);<br /> woman = women (mulher, mulheres);<br /> policeman = policemen (policial, policiais);<br /> gentleman = gentlemen (cavalheiro, cavalheiros);<br /> goose = geese (ganso, gansos);<br /> foot = feet (pé, pés);<br /> tooth = teeth (dente, dentes);<br /> child = children (criança, crianças);<br /> brother = brethren (irmão, irmãos: de associações, seitas)<br /> ox = oxen (boi, bois).<br /> <br /> <font color="#ff0000">Obs:</font><br /> No caso do vocábulo brother, no sentido de parentesco, o plural é brothers (portanto, plural regular). Mas se se diz Somos irmãos, com referência a uma família com irmãos e irmãs, devemos dizer então em inglês We&rsquo;re brothers and sisters.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <h3 style="text-align: center; color: red"><span style="font-size: 12px">Regras para plural dos substantivos em Inglês</span></h3> <p style="text-align: justify">Existem quatro regras para a formação do plural em inglês;<br /> Para formar o plural, temos duas alternativas: acrescentamos S ou ES às palavras;<br /> Para saber se acrescentamos S ou ES, depende da terminação da palavra.<br /> <br /> <span style="color: #ff0000">Regra 01 (terminações CH, SH, SS, X, O, Z ou S</span><br /> Com as terminações CH, SH, SS, X, O, Z ou S, acrescenta-se ES. Exemplos:<br /> singular = plural<br /> church = chuches (igreja, igrejas);<br /> wish = wishes (desejo, desejos);<br /> glass = glasses (copo, copos);<br /> box = boxes (caixa, caixas);<br /> tomato = tomatoes (tomate, tomates);<br /> topaz = topazes (topázio, topázios);<br /> bus = buses (ônibus, ônibus).<br /> <br /> <span style="color: #ff0000">Regra 02: (terminação Y)</span><br /> Palavras terminadas em Y:<br /> a) precedido de vogal = apenas acrescentamos S. Exemplos:<br /> singular = plural<br /> boy = boys (menino, meninos)<br /> toy = toys (brinquedo, brinquedos)<br /> b) precedido de consoante = troca-se o Y por I, e acrescentamos ES. Exemplos:<br /> singular = plural<br /> baby = babies (bebê, bebês);<br /> lady = ladies (senhora, senhoras);<br /> study = studies (estudo, estudos).<br /> <br /> <span style="color: #ff0000">Regra 03: (terminações F ou FE)</span><br /> Palavras terminados em F ou FE = trocamos a terminação F ou FE por VES. Exemplos:<br /> singular = plural<br /> leaf = leaves (folha, folhas);<br /> life = lives (vida, vidas).<br /> <br /> <span style="color: #ff0000">Regra 04: (outras terminações)<br /> </span>Se não houver nenhuma das terminações citadas nas regras 01 a 03, acrescentamos S. Exemplos:<br /> singular = plural<br /> book = books (livro, livros);<br /> hand = hands (mão, mãos);<br /> wall = walls (parede, paredes; muro, muros).<br /> Plurais irregulares<br /> Existem palavras cujos plurais são irregulares. Exemplos:<br /> singular = plural<br /> mouse = mice (camundongo, camundongos);<br /> dormouse = dormice (arganaz, arganazes);<br /> louse = lice (piolho, piolhos);<br /> man = men (homem, homens);<br /> woman = women (mulher, mulheres);<br /> policeman = policemen (policial, policiais);<br /> gentleman = gentlemen (cavalheiro, cavalheiros);<br /> goose = geese (ganso, gansos);<br /> foot = feet (pé, pés);<br /> tooth = teeth (dente, dentes);<br /> child = children (criança, crianças);<br /> brother = brethren (irmão, irmãos: de associações, seitas)<br /> ox = oxen (boi, bois).<br /> <br /> <font color="#ff0000">Obs:</font><br /> No caso do vocábulo brother, no sentido de parentesco, o plural é brothers (portanto, plural regular). Mas se se diz Somos irmãos, com referência a uma família com irmãos e irmãs, devemos dizer então em inglês We&rsquo;re brothers and sisters.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> Uso de Wh em perguntas 2009-08-23T14:18:24-03:00 2009-08-23T14:18:24-03:00 https://ingles.eu.org/gramatica-inglesa/164-substantivos-nouns/445-uso-de-wh-em-perguntas Samuel S Santos <h3 style="text-align: center; color: red"><span style="font-size: 12px">Uso de Who em perguntas</span></h3> <p><span style="font-size: 12px"><br /> a) Se houver preposição ligada a ele, ela deve vir no fim da frase:<br /> Who are you talking to ?<br /> Who did she go to the beach with ?<br /> <br /> b) Usamos a estrutura comum (pron interrog + aux + verb + compl) se queremos uma parte do predicado como resposta:<br /> Who did you invite ?<br /> I invited MARIA.<br /> <br /> c) Fazemos a pergunta sem auxiliar no presente e no passado quando buscamos o sujeito como ponto principal da resposta:<br /> Who invited you ?<br /> MARIA invited me. ou MARIA did.<br /> <br /> Who needs help?<br /> YOUR BROTHER needs help. ou YOUR BROTHER does.</span><br /> &nbsp;</p> <h3 style="text-align: center; color: red"><span style="font-size: 12px">Uso de Who em perguntas</span></h3> <p><span style="font-size: 12px"><br /> a) Se houver preposição ligada a ele, ela deve vir no fim da frase:<br /> Who are you talking to ?<br /> Who did she go to the beach with ?<br /> <br /> b) Usamos a estrutura comum (pron interrog + aux + verb + compl) se queremos uma parte do predicado como resposta:<br /> Who did you invite ?<br /> I invited MARIA.<br /> <br /> c) Fazemos a pergunta sem auxiliar no presente e no passado quando buscamos o sujeito como ponto principal da resposta:<br /> Who invited you ?<br /> MARIA invited me. ou MARIA did.<br /> <br /> Who needs help?<br /> YOUR BROTHER needs help. ou YOUR BROTHER does.</span><br /> &nbsp;</p> Palavras homófonas 2009-08-17T17:50:43-03:00 2009-08-17T17:50:43-03:00 https://ingles.eu.org/gramatica-inglesa/164-substantivos-nouns/422-palavras-homofonas Samuel S Santos <p>&nbsp;</p> <h3 style="text-align: center; color: red"><span style="font-size: 12px">Palavras homófonas</span></h3> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 3.75pt 0cm 7.5pt"><span style="font-size: 12px">&nbsp;</span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 3.75pt 0cm 7.5pt"><span style="font-size: 12px">É normal se perder nas palavras que apresentam pronúncia semelhante, muitas vezes são grafadas de forma totalmente diferente mas com mesma pronúncia, ou pronúncia muito parecida. São chamadas de <i>homófonas</i>, ou, <i>homophones</i>, no inglês. </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 3.75pt 0cm 7.5pt"><span style="font-size: 12px">Mas o que vem a ser exatamente essas palavras?</span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 3.75pt 0cm 7.5pt"><span style="font-size: 12px">A palavra homófono vem do grego e quer dizer, &ldquo;mesmo som&rdquo;. Em lingüística são as palavras que têm o mesmo som e podem ser escritas de maneira diferente, com significados diferentes</span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 3.75pt 0cm 7.5pt"><span style="font-size: 12px">Bom, não tem jeito, senão ler e estudar. Para isso, preparei uma lista com algumas das, na minha opinião, mais importantes e usadas palavras homófonas do inglês:</span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>buy / by / bye</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">buy - &ldquo;comprar&rdquo; </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">by - a preposição &ldquo;por&rdquo; </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">bye - essa você já sabe: &ldquo;tchau&rdquo; (mais difícil de escrever em português do que em inglês. O internetês já popularizou o &ldquo;xau&rdquo;&hellip; não vou nem tecer comentários&hellip; =x) </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">&nbsp;</span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>die / dye</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- die - o verbo &ldquo;morrer&rdquo; </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- dye - o verbo &ldquo;tingir&rdquo;, &ldquo;pintar (o cabelo)&rdquo;. </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">&nbsp;</span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>eye / I</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">eye - que significa &ldquo;olho&rdquo; </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">I - que todos já sabem, significa &ldquo;eu&rdquo; (lembre-se que &ldquo;I&rdquo; sempre é escrito com letra maiúscula) </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">&nbsp;</span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>for / four</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- for - &ldquo;para&rdquo;, &ldquo;por&rdquo;, &ldquo;durante&rdquo;, &ldquo;porque&rdquo;. </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- four = 4 </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>heal / heel / he&rsquo;ll</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">heal - o verbo &ldquo;curar&rdquo; </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">heel - calcanhar ou salto (de sapato) </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">he&rsquo;ll - a forma contraída de <i>he will</i>, que é uma das formas de expressar o futuro em inglês </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>it&rsquo;s /its</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- it&rsquo;s - a contração de <i>it is = ele(a) é</i> ou <i>ele(a) está </i>(&rdquo;it&rdquo; é usado para coisas, objetos, animais, cidades, &hellip;) </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- its - o adjetivo possessivo de <i>it</i>, &ldquo;dele&rdquo; ou &ldquo;dela&rdquo; (para coisas, objetos, animais, cidades, &hellip;) </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>know /no</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- know - o verbo &ldquo;saber&rdquo; ou &ldquo;conhecer&rdquo; ( lembre da pronúncia do termo <i>know-how</i>) </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- no - preciso traduzir? Não!!! </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>knew /new</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- knew - o passado do verbo &ldquo;saber&rdquo; ou &ldquo;conhecer&rdquo; ( lembre da pronúncia do termo <i>know-how</i>) </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- new - de novo: preciso traduzir? &hellip;. </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>read / red</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- read - o passado do verbo &ldquo;read&rdquo; = ler </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- red - a cor vermelha </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>right / write</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">right - essa a maioria já sabe: &ldquo;direito(a)&rdquo; ou &ldquo;certo(a)&rdquo; </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">write - o verbo &ldquo;escrever&rdquo; </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>see / sea</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">see - do verbo &ldquo;ver&rdquo; </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">sea - o substantivo &ldquo;mar&rdquo; </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">&nbsp;</span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>their / they&rsquo;re / they&rsquo;re</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- their - deles ou delas. usado tanto para </span><span style="font-size: 12pt"><a href="https://www.inglescurso.edu.eu.org/"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: windowtext">pessoas</span></span></a></span><span style="font-size: 12px"> como para coisas, objetos, animais, etc. </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- they&rsquo;re - a forma contraída de <i>they are</i>, que pode significar &ldquo;eles(as) são&rdquo; ou &ldquo;eles(as) estão&rdquo; </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">&nbsp;</span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>to /too / two</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- to - &ldquo;para&rdquo; ou a partícula usada para formar o infinitivo (exemplos: to see = ver, to say = dizer) </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- too - &ldquo;também&rdquo; ou antecedendo um adjetivo &ldquo;bastante&rdquo;, &ldquo;demais&rdquo; </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- two = 2 </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">&nbsp;</span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>weak /week</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- weak - &ldquo;fraco(a)&rdquo; </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 3.75pt 0cm 7.5pt"><span style="font-size: 12px">- week - &ldquo;semana&rdquo;&nbsp;</span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">&nbsp;</span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>wear /where</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 3.75pt 0cm 7.5pt"><span style="font-size: 12px">- wear - &ldquo;vestir&rdquo; </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 3.75pt 0cm 7.5pt"><span style="font-size: 12px">- where - &ldquo;onde&rdquo;&nbsp;</span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>we&rsquo;ll / wheel</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- we&rsquo;ll - é a contração de <i>we will = nós + a forma do futuro will.</i> exemplo: we will travel = nós viajaremos. </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- wheel- significa &ldquo;roda&rdquo; (lembre de &ldquo;hot wheels, os carrinhos, para associar ao significado ) </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">&nbsp;</span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>who&rsquo;s / whose</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- who&rsquo;s - é a contração de <i>who is</i>; portanto, significa &ldquo;quem é&rdquo; ou &ldquo;quem está&rdquo;. </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- whose - significa &ldquo;cujo(a)&rdquo; ou &ldquo;de quem&rdquo;. </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>wood / would</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- wood - madeira </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- would - o verbo que forma o &lsquo;futuro do pretérito&rsquo; do inglês, isto é, funciona como o nosso sufixo <i>-ia</i> no final dos verbos </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>your / you&rsquo;re</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- your - é o adjetivo possessivo que pode ser traduzido por &ldquo;teu&rdquo;, &ldquo;tua&rdquo;, &ldquo;teus&rdquo; ou &ldquo;tuas&rdquo; </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- you&rsquo;re - é a forma contraída de <i>you are</i>, &ldquo;tu és&rdquo; ou &ldquo;tu estás&rdquo; </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span style="font-size: 12px">&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 12px">Para diferenciar essas palavras no ingles falado, a forma mais efetiva é observar o contexto da conversação, pois em muitos casos não há como diferenciar apenas pelo som da palavra, pois são mesmo muito parecidas</span></div> <p>&nbsp;</p> <h3 style="text-align: center; color: red"><span style="font-size: 12px">Palavras homófonas</span></h3> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 3.75pt 0cm 7.5pt"><span style="font-size: 12px">&nbsp;</span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 3.75pt 0cm 7.5pt"><span style="font-size: 12px">É normal se perder nas palavras que apresentam pronúncia semelhante, muitas vezes são grafadas de forma totalmente diferente mas com mesma pronúncia, ou pronúncia muito parecida. São chamadas de <i>homófonas</i>, ou, <i>homophones</i>, no inglês. </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 3.75pt 0cm 7.5pt"><span style="font-size: 12px">Mas o que vem a ser exatamente essas palavras?</span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 3.75pt 0cm 7.5pt"><span style="font-size: 12px">A palavra homófono vem do grego e quer dizer, &ldquo;mesmo som&rdquo;. Em lingüística são as palavras que têm o mesmo som e podem ser escritas de maneira diferente, com significados diferentes</span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 3.75pt 0cm 7.5pt"><span style="font-size: 12px">Bom, não tem jeito, senão ler e estudar. Para isso, preparei uma lista com algumas das, na minha opinião, mais importantes e usadas palavras homófonas do inglês:</span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>buy / by / bye</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">buy - &ldquo;comprar&rdquo; </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">by - a preposição &ldquo;por&rdquo; </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">bye - essa você já sabe: &ldquo;tchau&rdquo; (mais difícil de escrever em português do que em inglês. O internetês já popularizou o &ldquo;xau&rdquo;&hellip; não vou nem tecer comentários&hellip; =x) </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">&nbsp;</span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>die / dye</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- die - o verbo &ldquo;morrer&rdquo; </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- dye - o verbo &ldquo;tingir&rdquo;, &ldquo;pintar (o cabelo)&rdquo;. </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">&nbsp;</span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>eye / I</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">eye - que significa &ldquo;olho&rdquo; </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">I - que todos já sabem, significa &ldquo;eu&rdquo; (lembre-se que &ldquo;I&rdquo; sempre é escrito com letra maiúscula) </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">&nbsp;</span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>for / four</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- for - &ldquo;para&rdquo;, &ldquo;por&rdquo;, &ldquo;durante&rdquo;, &ldquo;porque&rdquo;. </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- four = 4 </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>heal / heel / he&rsquo;ll</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">heal - o verbo &ldquo;curar&rdquo; </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">heel - calcanhar ou salto (de sapato) </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">he&rsquo;ll - a forma contraída de <i>he will</i>, que é uma das formas de expressar o futuro em inglês </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>it&rsquo;s /its</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- it&rsquo;s - a contração de <i>it is = ele(a) é</i> ou <i>ele(a) está </i>(&rdquo;it&rdquo; é usado para coisas, objetos, animais, cidades, &hellip;) </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- its - o adjetivo possessivo de <i>it</i>, &ldquo;dele&rdquo; ou &ldquo;dela&rdquo; (para coisas, objetos, animais, cidades, &hellip;) </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>know /no</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- know - o verbo &ldquo;saber&rdquo; ou &ldquo;conhecer&rdquo; ( lembre da pronúncia do termo <i>know-how</i>) </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- no - preciso traduzir? Não!!! </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>knew /new</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- knew - o passado do verbo &ldquo;saber&rdquo; ou &ldquo;conhecer&rdquo; ( lembre da pronúncia do termo <i>know-how</i>) </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- new - de novo: preciso traduzir? &hellip;. </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>read / red</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- read - o passado do verbo &ldquo;read&rdquo; = ler </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- red - a cor vermelha </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>right / write</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">right - essa a maioria já sabe: &ldquo;direito(a)&rdquo; ou &ldquo;certo(a)&rdquo; </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">write - o verbo &ldquo;escrever&rdquo; </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>see / sea</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">see - do verbo &ldquo;ver&rdquo; </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">sea - o substantivo &ldquo;mar&rdquo; </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">&nbsp;</span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>their / they&rsquo;re / they&rsquo;re</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- their - deles ou delas. usado tanto para </span><span style="font-size: 12pt"><a href="https://www.inglescurso.edu.eu.org/"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="color: windowtext">pessoas</span></span></a></span><span style="font-size: 12px"> como para coisas, objetos, animais, etc. </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- they&rsquo;re - a forma contraída de <i>they are</i>, que pode significar &ldquo;eles(as) são&rdquo; ou &ldquo;eles(as) estão&rdquo; </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">&nbsp;</span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>to /too / two</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- to - &ldquo;para&rdquo; ou a partícula usada para formar o infinitivo (exemplos: to see = ver, to say = dizer) </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- too - &ldquo;também&rdquo; ou antecedendo um adjetivo &ldquo;bastante&rdquo;, &ldquo;demais&rdquo; </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- two = 2 </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">&nbsp;</span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>weak /week</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- weak - &ldquo;fraco(a)&rdquo; </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 3.75pt 0cm 7.5pt"><span style="font-size: 12px">- week - &ldquo;semana&rdquo;&nbsp;</span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">&nbsp;</span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>wear /where</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 3.75pt 0cm 7.5pt"><span style="font-size: 12px">- wear - &ldquo;vestir&rdquo; </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 3.75pt 0cm 7.5pt"><span style="font-size: 12px">- where - &ldquo;onde&rdquo;&nbsp;</span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>we&rsquo;ll / wheel</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- we&rsquo;ll - é a contração de <i>we will = nós + a forma do futuro will.</i> exemplo: we will travel = nós viajaremos. </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- wheel- significa &ldquo;roda&rdquo; (lembre de &ldquo;hot wheels, os carrinhos, para associar ao significado ) </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">&nbsp;</span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>who&rsquo;s / whose</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- who&rsquo;s - é a contração de <i>who is</i>; portanto, significa &ldquo;quem é&rdquo; ou &ldquo;quem está&rdquo;. </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- whose - significa &ldquo;cujo(a)&rdquo; ou &ldquo;de quem&rdquo;. </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>wood / would</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- wood - madeira </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- would - o verbo que forma o &lsquo;futuro do pretérito&rsquo; do inglês, isto é, funciona como o nosso sufixo <i>-ia</i> no final dos verbos </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px"><b>your / you&rsquo;re</b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- your - é o adjetivo possessivo que pode ser traduzido por &ldquo;teu&rdquo;, &ldquo;tua&rdquo;, &ldquo;teus&rdquo; ou &ldquo;tuas&rdquo; </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 12px">- you&rsquo;re - é a forma contraída de <i>you are</i>, &ldquo;tu és&rdquo; ou &ldquo;tu estás&rdquo; </span></div> <div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span style="font-size: 12px">&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 12px">Para diferenciar essas palavras no ingles falado, a forma mais efetiva é observar o contexto da conversação, pois em muitos casos não há como diferenciar apenas pelo som da palavra, pois são mesmo muito parecidas</span></div>